Build the shared protocol contract that the client, gateway, and relay will use
for Ethernet datagrams. The MVP needs these pieces agreed on before socket or
TAP work can be reasoned about safely.
This adds strict MAC parsing and client identity validation, Ethernet header
inspection, fixed overlay datagram encoding and decoding, and MTU helpers for
the no-fragmentation QUIC datagram design. The protocol crate stays
transport-agnostic so platform and network code can depend on it without
pulling in OS-specific behavior.
Remaining work is to put these primitives behind the control-plane handshake,
relay forwarding loop, Windows TAP client, and Linux AF_PACKET gateway.
Test Plan:
- cargo fmt --check
- cargo test --workspace
- cargo clippy --workspace --all-targets -- -D warnings
Refs: PLAN.md Phase 1: prove the illusion
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