tdkpin/tdkpin-rs/src/game.rs

use macroquad::prelude::{Rect, Vec2, vec2};

use crate::{
    borland_random::BorlandRandom,
    flipper_physics::{FlipperSide, moving_flipper_response},
    geometry::Segment,
    original_physics::{
        CollisionMaterial,
        CollisionResponse,
        GRAVITY_MILLI_PER_STEP,
        MAXIMUM_SPEED_MILLI_PER_STEP,
        MilliVec,
        StaticCollisionCandidate,
        ball_collision_response,
        capture_collision_candidate,
        circle_collision_candidate_at,
        line_collision_candidate_at,
        milli_distance,
        path_intersects_circle,
    },
    real48::Real48,
    table::{
        BUMPERS,
        EFFECT_SENSOR,
        LOCK_HOLES,
        PASSIVE_CIRCLES,
        SPECIAL_HOLE_SENSOR,
        TARGET_SENSORS,
        WALLS,
    },
};

const LEFT_FLIPPER_RAISED_TIP: Vec2 = Vec2::new(133.0, 377.0);
const RIGHT_FLIPPER_RAISED_TIP: Vec2 = Vec2::new(181.0, 376.0);
const LAUNCHER_POSITION: Vec2 = Vec2::new(325.0, 413.0);
const LAUNCHER_PRESS_IMPULSE_MILLI: i32 = 750;
const LAUNCHER_RELEASE_IMPULSE_MILLI: i32 = 1_500;
const LAUNCHER_REPEAT_DELAY_SECONDS: f32 = 0.650;
const LAUNCHER_REPEAT_SECONDS: f32 = 0.040;
const CLAW_TRIGGER_CENTER: Vec2 = Vec2::new(289.0, 94.0);
const CLAW_TRIGGER_RADIUS: f32 = 19.0;
// The default original timer fires every 30 ms and advances the claw by one
// frame. Keeping that cadence independent of render rate makes captures
// deterministic on modern machines.
const CLAW_FRAME_SECONDS: f32 = 0.030;
const DETAIL_TIMER_SECONDS: [f32; 5] = [0.050, 0.040, 0.030, 0.020, 0.010];
const DETAIL_SUBSTEPS: [u8; 5] = [5, 4, 3, 2, 1];
const CLAW_TERMINAL_FRAMES: [u8; 4] = [1, 6, 7, 18];
const CLAW_TABLE_TERMINAL_FRAMES: [u8; 3] = [1, 6, 7];
const ORIGINAL_BALL_SPEED_PER_SECOND: f32 = 380.0;

#[allow(clippy::cast_possible_wrap)]
const fn score_reaches_marker(score: u32, threshold: u32) -> bool {
    // 1000:bc36 compares signed high words and, when equal, unsigned low
    // words. That is exactly a signed 32-bit comparison of the bit patterns.
    (score as i32) >= (threshold as i32)
}

#[derive(Clone, Copy, Debug, Default)]
pub struct Controls {
    pub left_flipper: bool,
    pub right_flipper: bool,
    pub launch_down: bool,
    pub nudge: Nudge,
}

#[derive(Clone, Copy, Debug, Default, PartialEq, Eq)]
pub enum Nudge {
    #[default]
    None,
    Left,
    Right,
    Center,
}

#[derive(Clone, Copy, Debug, PartialEq, Eq)]
pub enum Event {
    FlipperMove,
    Launch,
    Bumper,
    Target,
    Wheel,
    ClawCapture,
    ClawRelease,
    Lock,
    Media,
    ExtraBall,
    Nudge,
    Tilt,
    Drain,
    HighScoreCandidate(u32),
    StopSound,
    Sound(u16),
}

impl Event {
    /// Explicit original Win16 WAVE resource selected at this control-flow site.
    pub const fn sound_resource(self) -> Option<u16> {
        match self {
            Self::Sound(resource) => Some(resource),
            Self::FlipperMove
            | Self::Launch
            | Self::Bumper
            | Self::Target
            | Self::Wheel
            | Self::ClawCapture
            | Self::ClawRelease
            | Self::Lock
            | Self::Media
            | Self::ExtraBall
            | Self::Nudge
            | Self::Tilt
            | Self::Drain
            | Self::HighScoreCandidate(_)
            | Self::StopSound => None,
        }
    }
}

#[derive(Clone, Copy, Debug, Default)]
pub struct Flippers {
    pub left_raised: bool,
    pub right_raised: bool,
}

#[derive(Clone, Copy, Debug, Default, PartialEq, Eq)]
pub enum ClawSpriteBank {
    Closing,
    #[default]
    Opening,
}

#[derive(Clone, Copy, Debug, PartialEq, Eq)]
enum ClawBallSlot {
    Primary,
    Secondary,
}

impl ClawBallSlot {
    const fn from_ball_number(ball_number: u16) -> Self {
        if ball_number == 2 {
            Self::Secondary
        } else {
            Self::Primary
        }
    }
}

#[derive(Clone, Copy, Debug)]
pub struct Claw {
    pub active: bool,
    pub frame: u8,
    pub bank: ClawSpriteBank,
    pub ball_suspended: bool,
    captured_slot: Option<ClawBallSlot>,
    capture_entry: Option<(ClawBallSlot, bool)>,
    target_frame: u8,
    frame_accumulator: f32,
}

impl Default for Claw {
    fn default() -> Self {
        Self {
            active: false,
            frame: 10,
            bank: ClawSpriteBank::Opening,
            ball_suspended: false,
            captured_slot: None,
            capture_entry: None,
            target_frame: 10,
            frame_accumulator: 0.0,
        }
    }
}

impl Claw {
    pub fn sprite_source(self) -> Option<Rect> {
        if !self.active {
            return None;
        }
        let mut column_frame = self.frame;
        let mut source_y = match self.bank {
            ClawSpriteBank::Closing => 0.0,
            ClawSpriteBank::Opening => 148.0,
        };
        if column_frame > 9 {
            column_frame -= 9;
            source_y += 74.0;
        }
        Some(Rect::new(
            f32::from(column_frame - 1) * 100.0,
            source_y,
            100.0,
            74.0,
        ))
    }
}

#[derive(Clone, Debug)]
pub struct Player {
    pub score: u32,
    pub secondary_score: u32,
    pub score_multiplier: u8,
    pub balls: u8,
    pub extra_balls: u8,
    pub bumper_value: u32,
    pub diamond_segments: u8,
    pub media_level: u8,
    rules: RuleState,
}

impl Default for Player {
    fn default() -> Self {
        Self {
            score: 0,
            secondary_score: 0,
            score_multiplier: 1,
            balls: 3,
            extra_balls: 0,
            bumper_value: 1_000,
            diamond_segments: 0,
            media_level: 0,
            rules: RuleState::default(),
        }
    }
}

#[derive(Clone, Copy, Debug)]
pub struct Ball {
    pub position: Vec2,
    pub velocity: Vec2,
    pub in_launcher: bool,
    spin: Real48,
    capture_age: i32,
}

#[derive(Clone, Copy, Debug, PartialEq, Eq)]
enum PlayerEntry {
    Open,
    Closed,
}

#[derive(Clone, Copy, Debug, Default, PartialEq, Eq)]
enum MultiballState {
    #[default]
    Unavailable,
    Ready,
    Active,
}

#[derive(Clone, Copy, Debug, Default, PartialEq, Eq)]
enum ScoreMode {
    #[default]
    Normal,
    Multiball,
}

#[derive(Clone, Copy, Debug, Default, PartialEq, Eq)]
enum BallDoubleState {
    #[default]
    Inactive,
    Active,
}

#[derive(Clone, Copy, Debug, Default, PartialEq, Eq)]
enum SpecialHoleGate {
    #[default]
    Enabled,
    Suppressed,
}

#[derive(Clone, Copy, Debug, PartialEq, Eq)]
enum CaptureStep {
    Outside,
    Holding,
    Complete,
}

#[derive(Clone, Copy, Debug, PartialEq, Eq)]
enum BallAction {
    Keep,
    Suspend,
    Reset,
    Remove,
    Finish,
}

#[derive(Clone, Copy, Debug)]
struct SensorScanResult {
    action: BallAction,
}

fn retain_first_collision(
    best: &mut Option<(u8, bool, StaticCollisionCandidate)>,
    candidate: (u8, bool, StaticCollisionCandidate),
) {
    if best.is_none() {
        *best = Some(candidate);
    }
}

const fn predicted_outside_board(position: MilliVec) -> bool {
    position.x <= 0 || position.x > 340_000 || position.y <= 0 || position.y > 460_000
}

fn trigger_broadphase_contains(predicted: MilliVec, center: Vec2, radius: f32) -> bool {
    let center = MilliVec::from_position(center);
    let margin = MilliVec::from_position(vec2(radius + 5.0, 0.0)).x;
    predicted.x >= center.x.wrapping_sub(margin)
        && predicted.x <= center.x.wrapping_add(margin)
        && predicted.y >= center.y.wrapping_sub(margin)
        && predicted.y <= center.y.wrapping_add(margin)
}

const fn movement_from_prediction(old_position: MilliVec, predicted: MilliVec) -> MilliVec {
    MilliVec {
        x: predicted.x.wrapping_sub(old_position.x),
        y: predicted.y.wrapping_sub(old_position.y),
    }
}

#[derive(Clone, Copy, Debug)]
struct RuleState {
    wheel_holes: [bool; 5],
    top_targets: [bool; 3],
    record_contacts: [u16; 176],
    object_active: [bool; 176],
    target_effect: u8,
    multiball_state: MultiballState,
}

impl Default for RuleState {
    fn default() -> Self {
        Self {
            wheel_holes: [false; 5],
            top_targets: [false; 3],
            record_contacts: [0; 176],
            object_active: initial_object_activity(),
            target_effect: 0,
            multiball_state: MultiballState::Unavailable,
        }
    }
}

fn initial_object_activity() -> [bool; 176] {
    let mut active = [true; 176];
    active[0] = false;
    for object_id in [6, 87, 88, 149, 153, 154, 175] {
        active[object_id] = false;
    }
    active
}

impl Default for Ball {
    fn default() -> Self {
        Self {
            position: LAUNCHER_POSITION,
            velocity: Vec2::ZERO,
            in_launcher: true,
            spin: Real48::ZERO,
            capture_age: 0,
        }
    }
}

#[derive(Clone, Debug)]
pub struct Game {
    pub players: Vec<Player>,
    pub current_player: usize,
    pub ball: Ball,
    pub secondary_ball: Option<Ball>,
    pub wheel_holes: [bool; 5],
    pub top_targets: [bool; 3],
    pub tilted: bool,
    pub flippers: Flippers,
    flipper_inputs: Flippers,
    pub claw: Claw,
    pub target_rotation_state: Option<u8>,
    pub panel_frame: Option<u16>,
    pub launcher_charge: f32,
    pub finished: bool,
    pub last_collision_id: Option<u8>,
    accumulator: f32,
    record_countdowns: [u8; 176],
    tilt_counter: u16,
    launcher_was_down: bool,
    launcher_hold_seconds: f32,
    launcher_next_repeat: f32,
    launcher_velocity_milli: i32,
    player_entry: PlayerEntry,
    random: BorlandRandom,
    pending_flipper_edges: [i8; 2],
    flipper_release_latch: [bool; 2],
    record_contacts: [u16; 176],
    trigger_flags: [bool; 176],
    object_active: [bool; 176],
    target_effect: u8,
    claw_frame_seconds: f32,
    multiball_state: MultiballState,
    special_hole_gate: SpecialHoleGate,
    score_mode: ScoreMode,
    ball_double: BallDoubleState,
}

impl Game {
    #[cfg(not(target_arch = "wasm32"))]
    pub fn new(player_count: usize) -> Self {
        Self::new_with_seed(player_count, macroquad::rand::rand())
    }

    pub fn new_with_seed(player_count: usize, seed: u32) -> Self {
        Self {
            players: vec![Player::default(); player_count.clamp(1, 4)],
            current_player: 0,
            ball: Ball::default(),
            secondary_ball: None,
            wheel_holes: [false; 5],
            top_targets: [false; 3],
            tilted: false,
            flippers: Flippers::default(),
            flipper_inputs: Flippers::default(),
            claw: Claw::default(),
            target_rotation_state: None,
            panel_frame: None,
            launcher_charge: 0.0,
            finished: false,
            last_collision_id: None,
            accumulator: 0.0,
            record_countdowns: [0; 176],
            tilt_counter: 0,
            launcher_was_down: false,
            launcher_hold_seconds: 0.0,
            launcher_next_repeat: LAUNCHER_REPEAT_DELAY_SECONDS,
            launcher_velocity_milli: 0,
            player_entry: PlayerEntry::Open,
            random: BorlandRandom::new(seed),
            pending_flipper_edges: [0; 2],
            flipper_release_latch: [false; 2],
            record_contacts: [0; 176],
            trigger_flags: [false; 176],
            object_active: initial_object_activity(),
            target_effect: 0,
            claw_frame_seconds: CLAW_FRAME_SECONDS,
            multiball_state: MultiballState::Unavailable,
            special_hole_gate: SpecialHoleGate::Enabled,
            score_mode: ScoreMode::Normal,
            ball_double: BallDoubleState::Inactive,
        }
    }

    pub fn player(&self) -> &Player {
        &self.players[self.current_player]
    }

    pub fn random_seed(&self) -> u32 {
        self.random.seed()
    }

    pub fn secondary_score_display(&self) -> u32 {
        self.player()
            .secondary_score
            .wrapping_mul(u32::from(self.player().score_multiplier))
    }

    pub fn launcher_frame(&self) -> usize {
        if !self.launcher_was_down {
            return 0;
        }
        (1..=10)
            .find(|multiple| {
                -LAUNCHER_PRESS_IMPULSE_MILLI * i32::try_from(*multiple).unwrap_or(10)
                    < self.launcher_velocity_milli
            })
            .unwrap_or(10)
    }

    pub fn add_player_before_launch(&mut self) -> bool {
        if self.player_entry == PlayerEntry::Closed || self.players.len() >= 4 {
            return false;
        }
        self.players.push(Player::default());
        true
    }

    #[cfg(not(target_arch = "wasm32"))]
    pub(crate) fn begin_claw_scenario(&mut self, terminal_frame: u8) -> Vec<Event> {
        self.ball.in_launcher = false;
        self.ball.position = CLAW_TRIGGER_CENTER;
        self.ball.velocity = Vec2::ZERO;
        let mut events = Vec::new();
        self.begin_claw_capture(terminal_frame, &mut events);
        events
    }

    #[cfg(not(target_arch = "wasm32"))]
    pub(crate) fn begin_effect_scenario(&mut self, effect: u8) {
        self.target_effect = effect.min(7);
        self.object_active[usize::from(EFFECT_SENSOR.id)] = self.target_effect != 0;
        if self.target_effect == 7 {
            self.multiball_state = MultiballState::Ready;
            self.record_contacts[148] = 2;
        }
    }

    #[cfg(not(target_arch = "wasm32"))]
    pub(crate) fn begin_target_scenario(&mut self) {
        self.ball.in_launcher = false;
        self.ball.position = vec2(170.0, 230.0);
        self.players[0].bumper_value = 6_000;
        self.wheel_holes = [true, false, true, false, false];
        self.target_rotation_state = Some(0);
        self.object_active[90] = false;
        self.object_active[109] = false;
    }

    fn fire_launcher(&mut self) {
        self.launcher_velocity_milli = self
            .launcher_velocity_milli
            .wrapping_sub(LAUNCHER_RELEASE_IMPULSE_MILLI);
        let mut launch_velocity = self.launcher_velocity_milli;
        if launch_velocity < -MAXIMUM_SPEED_MILLI_PER_STEP {
            let variation = self.random.below(3_800) / 40;
            launch_velocity = -MAXIMUM_SPEED_MILLI_PER_STEP + i32::from(variation);
        } else if launch_velocity > -2_280 {
            launch_velocity =
                launch_velocity.wrapping_sub(i32::from(self.random.below(3_800) / 40));
        }
        self.ball.in_launcher = false;
        self.ball.velocity = MilliVec {
            x: 0,
            y: launch_velocity,
        }
        .to_velocity_per_second();
        self.launcher_charge = 0.0;
        self.launcher_was_down = false;
        self.launcher_hold_seconds = 0.0;
        self.launcher_next_repeat = LAUNCHER_REPEAT_DELAY_SECONDS;
        self.launcher_velocity_milli = 0;
        self.player_entry = PlayerEntry::Closed;
    }

    pub fn update(&mut self, frame_time: f32, detail: u8, controls: Controls) -> Vec<Event> {
        if self.finished {
            return Vec::new();
        }
        self.last_collision_id = None;
        self.claw_frame_seconds = DETAIL_TIMER_SECONDS[usize::from(detail.clamp(1, 5) - 1)];
        let mut events = Vec::new();
        if !controls.left_flipper {
            self.flipper_release_latch[0] = false;
        } else if self.tilted {
            self.flipper_release_latch[0] = true;
        }
        if !controls.right_flipper {
            self.flipper_release_latch[1] = false;
        } else if self.tilted {
            self.flipper_release_latch[1] = true;
        }
        self.flipper_inputs.left_raised =
            controls.left_flipper && !self.tilted && !self.flipper_release_latch[0];
        self.flipper_inputs.right_raised =
            controls.right_flipper && !self.tilted && !self.flipper_release_latch[1];

        // The original key handlers keep accepting the launcher key while
        // tilted; Tilt disables flippers and scoring, but must not strand a
        // ball that is still waiting in the shooter lane.
        if self.ball.in_launcher {
            if controls.launch_down {
                if self.launcher_was_down {
                    self.launcher_hold_seconds += frame_time.min(0.05);
                    while self.launcher_hold_seconds >= self.launcher_next_repeat {
                        self.launcher_velocity_milli = self
                            .launcher_velocity_milli
                            .wrapping_sub(LAUNCHER_PRESS_IMPULSE_MILLI);
                        self.launcher_next_repeat += LAUNCHER_REPEAT_SECONDS;
                    }
                } else {
                    self.launcher_velocity_milli = self
                        .launcher_velocity_milli
                        .wrapping_sub(LAUNCHER_PRESS_IMPULSE_MILLI);
                    self.launcher_was_down = true;
                }
                let charge_milli =
                    (-self.launcher_velocity_milli).clamp(0, MAXIMUM_SPEED_MILLI_PER_STEP);
                self.launcher_charge =
                    f32::from(i16::try_from(charge_milli).unwrap_or(3_800)) / f32::from(3_800_i16);
            } else if self.launcher_was_down {
                self.fire_launcher();
                events.push(Event::Launch);
                if !self.tilted {
                    events.push(Event::Sound(2002));
                }
            }
        }
        if !self.tilted && controls.nudge != Nudge::None {
            self.apply_nudge(controls.nudge, &mut events);
        }

        self.accumulator = (self.accumulator + frame_time.min(0.05)).min(0.1);
        let detail_index = usize::from(detail.clamp(1, 5) - 1);
        let timer_interval = DETAIL_TIMER_SECONDS[detail_index];
        while self.accumulator >= timer_interval {
            self.timer_tick(timer_interval, DETAIL_SUBSTEPS[detail_index], &mut events);
            self.accumulator -= timer_interval;
        }
        events
    }

    fn timer_tick(&mut self, elapsed: f32, substeps: u8, events: &mut Vec<Event>) {
        self.update_claw(elapsed, events);
        if !self.ball.in_launcher {
            self.update_record_countdowns();
            self.update_target_rotation(events);
        }
        let panel_active = self.update_panel_completion(events);
        // A held claw ball still counts as the second live ball until the
        // other slot disappears or the claw releases it.
        if self.secondary_ball.is_none()
            && self.claw.captured_slot != Some(ClawBallSlot::Secondary)
            && self.score_mode == ScoreMode::Multiball
        {
            self.score_mode = ScoreMode::Normal;
        }
        if !panel_active {
            let had_secondary_ball = self.secondary_ball.is_some();
            let mut spawned_secondary = None;
            let primary_held = self.claw_holds_slot(ClawBallSlot::Primary);
            let secondary_held = self.claw_holds_slot(ClawBallSlot::Secondary);
            if had_secondary_ball {
                self.score_mode = ScoreMode::Multiball;
            }
            if !primary_held {
                for _ in 0..substeps {
                    let stop = self.fixed_update(events);
                    // Effect seven publishes its spawn request during record 149,
                    // but the original timer does not create slot two until the
                    // complete slot-one simulation pass has returned.
                    if !had_secondary_ball && spawned_secondary.is_none() {
                        spawned_secondary = self.secondary_ball.take();
                    }
                    if stop || self.finished || self.claw_holds_slot(ClawBallSlot::Primary) {
                        break;
                    }
                }
            }
            if had_secondary_ball && !self.finished {
                if self.secondary_ball.is_some() && !self.claw_holds_slot(ClawBallSlot::Secondary) {
                    for _ in 0..substeps {
                        if self.advance_secondary_ball_slot(events, !primary_held) {
                            break;
                        }
                    }
                } else if !self.claw_holds_slot(ClawBallSlot::Primary)
                    && !self.claw_holds_slot(ClawBallSlot::Secondary)
                {
                    self.secondary_ball = Some(self.ball);
                    for _ in 0..substeps {
                        if self.advance_secondary_ball_slot(events, false) {
                            break;
                        }
                    }
                    if let Some(survivor) = self.secondary_ball.take() {
                        self.ball = survivor;
                    } else {
                        self.drain(events);
                    }
                }
            }
            if let Some(spawned) = spawned_secondary {
                debug_assert!(self.secondary_ball.is_none());
                self.secondary_ball = Some(spawned);
            }

            // The two slots are mutually exclusive while the claw is holding
            // a ball.
            debug_assert!(!(primary_held && secondary_held));
        }

        self.pending_flipper_edges[0] =
            match (self.flipper_inputs.left_raised, self.flippers.left_raised) {
                (true, false) => -1,
                (false, true) => 1,
                _ => 0,
            };
        self.pending_flipper_edges[1] =
            match (self.flipper_inputs.right_raised, self.flippers.right_raised) {
                (true, false) => -1,
                (false, true) => 1,
                _ => 0,
            };
        self.flippers = self.flipper_inputs;
        for edge in self.pending_flipper_edges {
            if edge != 0 {
                events.push(Event::FlipperMove);
                events.push(Event::Sound(2021));
            }
        }
        self.apply_flipper_kicks();
        if self.tilt_counter != 0 {
            self.tilt_counter -= 1;
        }
    }

    fn update_record_countdowns(&mut self) {
        for countdown in &mut self.record_countdowns[1..] {
            if *countdown != 0 {
                *countdown -= 1;
            }
        }
    }

    pub fn record_countdown(&self, record_id: usize) -> u8 {
        self.record_countdowns[record_id]
    }

    fn update_target_rotation(&mut self, events: &mut Vec<Event>) {
        let Some(state) = self.target_rotation_state else {
            return;
        };
        if state >= 6 {
            self.target_rotation_state = None;
            return;
        }
        let next = state + 1;
        self.target_rotation_state = Some(next);
        if next == 1 {
            events.push(Event::Sound(2011));
        }
        if next == 6 {
            self.wheel_holes.rotate_left(1);
            let first = self.record_contacts[129];
            for record_id in 129..133 {
                self.record_contacts[record_id] = self.record_contacts[record_id + 1];
            }
            self.record_contacts[133] = first;
        }
    }

    fn update_panel_completion(&mut self, events: &mut Vec<Event>) -> bool {
        let Some(frame) = self.panel_frame else {
            return false;
        };
        if frame >= 281 {
            self.panel_frame = None;
            self.wheel_holes.fill(false);
            return true;
        }
        if frame == 1 {
            for record_id in 129..=133 {
                self.record_contacts[record_id] = 0;
            }
        }
        let next = frame + 1;
        self.panel_frame = Some(next);
        match next {
            1 | 66 | 159 | 238 => events.push(Event::Sound(2013)),
            45 | 129 | 222 => events.push(Event::StopSound),
            58 | 230 => events.push(Event::Sound(2012)),
            _ => {}
        }
        true
    }

    #[allow(clippy::cast_possible_truncation)]
    fn apply_nudge(&mut self, nudge: Nudge, events: &mut Vec<Event>) {
        const SCALAR: i32 = 15;
        events.push(Event::Sound(2019));
        let mut velocity = MilliVec::from_velocity_per_second(self.ball.velocity);
        match nudge {
            Nudge::Left | Nudge::Right => {
                let amount = (50 - i32::from(self.random.below(20))) * SCALAR;
                let signed = if nudge == Nudge::Left {
                    -amount
                } else {
                    amount
                };
                velocity.x = velocity.x.wrapping_add(signed);
            }
            Nudge::Center => {
                let horizontal = Real48::from_i32(SCALAR)
                    .multiply(
                        self.random
                            .real48()
                            .multiply(Real48::from_i32(20))
                            .subtract(Real48::from_i32(10)),
                    )
                    .round_i32();
                let vertical = -(60 - i32::from(self.random.below(20))) * SCALAR;
                velocity.x = velocity.x.wrapping_add(horizontal);
                velocity.y = velocity.y.wrapping_add(vertical);
            }
            Nudge::None => return,
        }
        let primary_held = self.claw_holds_slot(ClawBallSlot::Primary);
        let secondary_held = self.claw_holds_slot(ClawBallSlot::Secondary);
        if let Some(secondary) = &mut self.secondary_ball {
            let slot_impulse = match nudge {
                Nudge::Left | Nudge::Right => MilliVec {
                    x: if nudge == Nudge::Left { -600 } else { 600 },
                    y: 0,
                },
                Nudge::Center => {
                    let horizontal = (i32::from(self.random.below(21)) - 10) * SCALAR;
                    let vertical = -(i32::from(self.random.below(100)) + 50) * SCALAR;
                    MilliVec {
                        x: horizontal,
                        y: vertical,
                    }
                }
                Nudge::None => MilliVec::default(),
            };
            let mut primary_slot = MilliVec::from_velocity_per_second(self.ball.velocity);
            primary_slot.x = primary_slot.x.wrapping_add(slot_impulse.x);
            primary_slot.y = primary_slot.y.wrapping_add(slot_impulse.y);
            if !primary_held {
                self.ball.velocity = primary_slot.to_velocity_per_second();
            }
            let mut secondary_slot = MilliVec::from_velocity_per_second(secondary.velocity);
            secondary_slot.x = secondary_slot.x.wrapping_add(slot_impulse.x);
            secondary_slot.y = secondary_slot.y.wrapping_add(slot_impulse.y);
            if !secondary_held {
                secondary.velocity = secondary_slot.to_velocity_per_second();
            }
        } else if !primary_held {
            self.ball.velocity = velocity.to_velocity_per_second();
        }

        self.tilt_counter = self.tilt_counter.wrapping_add(25);
        let threshold = self.random.below(10) + 30;
        if threshold < self.tilt_counter {
            self.tilted = true;
            self.flipper_release_latch[0] |= self.flipper_inputs.left_raised;
            self.flipper_release_latch[1] |= self.flipper_inputs.right_raised;
            self.flipper_inputs = Flippers::default();
            self.pending_flipper_edges.fill(0);
            events.push(Event::Tilt);
            events.push(Event::Sound(2020));
        } else {
            events.push(Event::Nudge);
        }
    }

    #[allow(clippy::too_many_lines)]
    fn fixed_update(&mut self, events: &mut Vec<Event>) -> bool {
        if self.ball.in_launcher {
            self.ball.position = LAUNCHER_POSITION;
            self.ball.velocity = Vec2::ZERO;
            return true;
        }

        let old_position = MilliVec::from_position(self.ball.position);
        let initial_secondary = self.secondary_ball;
        let ball_count = if initial_secondary.is_some() { 2 } else { 1 };
        let mut ball = self.ball;
        let mut velocity = MilliVec::from_velocity_per_second(ball.velocity);
        velocity.y += GRAVITY_MILLI_PER_STEP;
        velocity.clamp_speed(MAXIMUM_SPEED_MILLI_PER_STEP);
        let speed_before_collision = milli_distance(velocity);
        if predicted_outside_board(old_position.add(velocity)) {
            self.drain(events);
            return true;
        }
        let (best_static, scan, predicted) = self.scan_ordered_records_for_ball(
            &mut ball,
            1,
            ball_count,
            old_position,
            &mut velocity,
            events,
        );
        let mut best_collision = best_static
            .map(|(id, is_wall, candidate)| (id, is_wall, candidate.resolve(velocity, ball.spin)));
        let primary_held = self.claw_holds_slot(ClawBallSlot::Primary);
        let secondary_held = self.claw_holds_slot(ClawBallSlot::Secondary);
        let mut transferred_secondary_velocity = None;
        if let Some(secondary) = initial_secondary
            && !primary_held
            && !secondary_held
        {
            let other_position = MilliVec::from_position(secondary.position);
            let response = ball_collision_response(
                old_position,
                velocity,
                ball.spin,
                other_position,
                MilliVec::from_velocity_per_second(secondary.velocity),
                secondary.capture_age <= 0,
            );
            if predicted.x >= other_position.x.wrapping_sub(21_000)
                && predicted.x <= other_position.x.wrapping_add(21_000)
                && predicted.y >= other_position.y.wrapping_sub(21_000)
                && predicted.y <= other_position.y.wrapping_add(21_000)
                && let Some(response) = response
                && best_collision.is_none()
            {
                transferred_secondary_velocity = Some(response.other_velocity);
                best_collision = Some((
                    175,
                    false,
                    CollisionResponse {
                        surface_distance: response.surface_distance,
                        velocity: response.moving_velocity,
                        spin: response.moving_spin,
                        auxiliary_fired: false,
                    },
                ));
            }
        }
        let collided = best_collision.is_some();
        if collided {
            ball.capture_age = 0;
        }
        let mut auxiliary_fired = false;
        let (hit_wall, hit_circle) = if let Some((object_id, is_wall, response)) = best_collision {
            velocity = response.velocity;
            ball.spin = response.spin;
            auxiliary_fired = response.auxiliary_fired;
            self.last_collision_id = Some(object_id);
            if object_id == 175
                && let (Some(secondary), Some(transferred)) =
                    (&mut self.secondary_ball, transferred_secondary_velocity)
                && !secondary_held
                && !primary_held
            {
                secondary.velocity = transferred.to_velocity_per_second();
            }
            if is_wall {
                (Some(object_id), None)
            } else {
                (None, Some(object_id))
            }
        } else {
            (None, None)
        };
        if hit_wall == Some(25) && speed_before_collision >= 1_000 {
            velocity.x = 0;
        }
        if hit_wall == Some(25) && speed_before_collision < 1_000 {
            velocity.x = 0;
            velocity.y = 0;
        }
        velocity.clamp_speed(MAXIMUM_SPEED_MILLI_PER_STEP);
        ball.position = old_position.add(velocity).to_position();
        ball.velocity = velocity.to_velocity_per_second();
        self.ball = ball;

        if let Some(wall_id) = hit_wall {
            if wall_id == 2 {
                let special_respawn = self.special_respawn_pending();
                let response_spin = self.ball.spin;
                self.drain(events);
                if special_respawn {
                    let origin = MilliVec::from_position(self.ball.position);
                    self.ball.position = origin.add(velocity).to_position();
                    self.ball.velocity = velocity.to_velocity_per_second();
                    self.ball.spin = response_spin;
                }
                return true;
            }
            if wall_id == 25 && speed_before_collision < 1_000 {
                self.ball = Ball::default();
                self.launcher_charge = 0.0;
                self.launcher_was_down = false;
                return true;
            }
            self.apply_wall_rule(wall_id, events);
            if auxiliary_fired && matches!(wall_id, 55 | 74 | 107) {
                events.push(Event::Sound(2019));
            }
        }

        if let Some(circle_id) = hit_circle {
            self.apply_bumper_rule(circle_id, auxiliary_fired, events);
        }

        match scan.action {
            BallAction::Keep => {}
            BallAction::Suspend => return true,
            BallAction::Reset => {
                self.reset_ball_to_launcher();
                return true;
            }
            BallAction::Finish => {
                self.drain(events);
                return true;
            }
            BallAction::Remove => {
                self.ball = self
                    .secondary_ball
                    .take()
                    .expect("a multiball capture must leave the other slot active");
                self.promote_claw_secondary_to_primary();
                return true;
            }
        }

        collided
    }

    fn retain_static_range(
        &self,
        old_position: MilliVec,
        predicted: MilliVec,
        velocity: MilliVec,
        record_ids: std::ops::RangeInclusive<u8>,
        best: &mut Option<(u8, bool, StaticCollisionCandidate)>,
    ) {
        if let Some(candidate) = self.find_static_collision_candidate_in_range(
            old_position,
            predicted,
            velocity,
            record_ids,
        ) {
            retain_first_collision(best, candidate);
        }
    }

    #[allow(clippy::too_many_arguments, clippy::too_many_lines)]
    fn scan_ordered_records_for_ball(
        &mut self,
        ball: &mut Ball,
        ball_number: u16,
        ball_count: u16,
        old_position: MilliVec,
        velocity: &mut MilliVec,
        events: &mut Vec<Event>,
    ) -> (
        Option<(u8, bool, StaticCollisionCandidate)>,
        SensorScanResult,
        MilliVec,
    ) {
        let mut predicted = old_position.add(*velocity);
        let mut best = None;
        let mut capture_candidate = None;
        let mut action = BallAction::Keep;

        self.retain_static_range(old_position, predicted, *velocity, 1..=5, &mut best);
        if self.apply_magnetic_record(6, old_position, velocity) {
            predicted = old_position.add(*velocity);
        }
        self.retain_static_range(old_position, predicted, *velocity, 7..=88, &mut best);

        if old_position.y < 250_000 && !self.claw.active {
            ball.velocity = velocity.to_velocity_per_second();
            match self.capture_record_step(
                ball,
                ball_number,
                ball_count,
                89,
                CLAW_TRIGGER_CENTER,
                CLAW_TRIGGER_RADIUS,
                old_position,
                predicted,
                &mut capture_candidate,
                events,
            ) {
                CaptureStep::Complete => {
                    let terminal_frame = self
                        .next_claw_terminal_frame(self.claw_capture_restricted_for(ball_number));
                    self.begin_claw_capture_after_hold(ball, ball_number, terminal_frame, events);
                    action = BallAction::Suspend;
                }
                CaptureStep::Outside | CaptureStep::Holding => {}
            }
            *velocity = MilliVec::from_velocity_per_second(ball.velocity);
        }

        self.retain_static_range(old_position, predicted, *velocity, 90..=128, &mut best);
        if old_position.y < 250_000 {
            ball.velocity = velocity.to_velocity_per_second();
            if let Some(completed_action) = self.check_lock_holes(
                ball,
                ball_number,
                ball_count,
                old_position,
                predicted,
                &mut capture_candidate,
                events,
            ) {
                action = completed_action;
            }
            *velocity = MilliVec::from_velocity_per_second(ball.velocity);
        }

        self.retain_static_range(old_position, predicted, *velocity, 134..=139, &mut best);
        if old_position.y < 250_000 {
            ball.velocity = velocity.to_velocity_per_second();
            if self.type4_broadphase_contains(predicted, 140..=147) {
                self.special_hole_gate = SpecialHoleGate::Enabled;
            }
            let target_triggered = self.check_target_sensors(
                ball,
                old_position,
                movement_from_prediction(old_position, predicted),
                140..=147,
                events,
            );
            *velocity = MilliVec::from_velocity_per_second(ball.velocity);
            if target_triggered {
                predicted = old_position.add(*velocity);
            }
            if let Some(completed_action) = self.check_special_hole(
                ball,
                ball_number,
                ball_count,
                old_position,
                predicted,
                &mut capture_candidate,
                events,
            ) {
                action = completed_action;
            }
            *velocity = MilliVec::from_velocity_per_second(ball.velocity);
            let effect_triggered = self.check_effect_sensor(
                ball,
                ball_number,
                old_position,
                movement_from_prediction(old_position, predicted),
                events,
            );
            *velocity = MilliVec::from_velocity_per_second(ball.velocity);
            if effect_triggered {
                predicted = old_position.add(*velocity);
            }
            let target_triggered = self.check_target_sensors(
                ball,
                old_position,
                movement_from_prediction(old_position, predicted),
                150..=152,
                events,
            );
            *velocity = MilliVec::from_velocity_per_second(ball.velocity);
            if target_triggered {
                predicted = old_position.add(*velocity);
            }
        }

        if self.apply_magnetic_record(153, old_position, velocity) {
            predicted = old_position.add(*velocity);
        }
        if self.apply_magnetic_record(154, old_position, velocity) {
            predicted = old_position.add(*velocity);
        }
        self.retain_static_range(old_position, predicted, *velocity, 155..=173, &mut best);

        if let Some((id, candidate)) = capture_candidate
            && best.is_none_or(|(static_id, _, _)| id < static_id)
        {
            best = Some((id, false, candidate));
        }
        ball.velocity = velocity.to_velocity_per_second();
        (best, SensorScanResult { action }, predicted)
    }

    fn find_static_collision_candidate_in_range(
        &self,
        old_position: MilliVec,
        predicted: MilliVec,
        velocity: MilliVec,
        record_ids: std::ops::RangeInclusive<u8>,
    ) -> Option<(u8, bool, StaticCollisionCandidate)> {
        let mut best = None;
        let layer = if old_position.y < 250_000 { 0x01 } else { 0x02 };
        for object_id in record_ids {
            if !self.object_active[usize::from(object_id)]
                || self.claw.active && (12..=20).contains(&object_id)
            {
                continue;
            }
            if let Some(wall) = WALLS.iter().find(|wall| wall.id == object_id) {
                if wall.layer_mask & layer == 0 {
                    continue;
                }
                let segment = self.live_wall_segment(wall.id, wall.segment);
                let start = MilliVec::from_position(segment.start);
                let end = MilliVec::from_position(segment.end);
                if predicted.x < start.x.min(end.x).wrapping_sub(5_000)
                    || predicted.x > start.x.max(end.x).wrapping_add(5_000)
                    || predicted.y < start.y.min(end.y).wrapping_sub(5_000)
                    || predicted.y > start.y.max(end.y).wrapping_add(5_000)
                {
                    continue;
                }
                let material = if self.tilted {
                    CollisionMaterial::line(
                        f64::from(wall.normal_rebound),
                        f64::from(wall.tangent_coupling),
                    )
                } else {
                    CollisionMaterial::line_with_kick(
                        f64::from(wall.normal_rebound),
                        f64::from(wall.tangent_coupling),
                        f64::from(wall.response_auxiliary),
                        f64::from(wall.response_kick),
                    )
                };
                if let Some(candidate) = line_collision_candidate_at(
                    old_position,
                    predicted,
                    velocity,
                    segment.start,
                    segment.end,
                    material,
                ) {
                    retain_first_collision(&mut best, (wall.id, true, candidate));
                }
            }
            let circle = PASSIVE_CIRCLES
                .iter()
                .chain(BUMPERS.iter())
                .find(|circle| circle.id == object_id);
            if let Some(circle) = circle
                && circle.layer_mask & layer != 0
                && {
                    let (minimum, maximum) = self.live_circle_bounds(
                        circle.id,
                        self.live_circle_center(circle.id, circle.center),
                        circle.contact_radius,
                    );
                    predicted.x >= minimum.x
                        && predicted.x <= maximum.x
                        && predicted.y >= minimum.y
                        && predicted.y <= maximum.y
                }
                && let Some(candidate) = circle_collision_candidate_at(
                    old_position,
                    predicted,
                    velocity,
                    self.live_circle_center(circle.id, circle.center),
                    circle.contact_radius,
                    CollisionMaterial::circle(
                        f64::from(circle.normal_rebound),
                        f64::from(circle.tangent_coupling),
                        if self.tilted {
                            0.0
                        } else {
                            f64::from(circle.normal_kick)
                        },
                    ),
                )
                && best.is_none()
            {
                retain_first_collision(&mut best, (circle.id, false, candidate));
            }
        }
        best
    }

    fn type4_broadphase_contains(
        &self,
        predicted: MilliVec,
        record_ids: std::ops::RangeInclusive<u8>,
    ) -> bool {
        !self.tilted
            && TARGET_SENSORS.into_iter().any(|sensor| {
                record_ids.contains(&sensor.id)
                    && self.object_active[usize::from(sensor.id)]
                    && trigger_broadphase_contains(predicted, sensor.center, sensor.radius)
            })
    }

    #[cfg(test)]
    fn find_static_collision_candidate(
        &self,
        old_position: MilliVec,
        velocity: MilliVec,
    ) -> Option<(u8, bool, StaticCollisionCandidate)> {
        self.find_static_collision_candidate_in_range(
            old_position,
            old_position.add(velocity),
            velocity,
            1..=175,
        )
    }

    #[cfg(test)]
    fn advance_secondary_ball(&mut self, events: &mut Vec<Event>) -> bool {
        self.advance_secondary_ball_slot(events, !self.claw_holds_slot(ClawBallSlot::Primary))
    }

    #[allow(clippy::too_many_lines)]
    fn advance_secondary_ball_slot(
        &mut self,
        events: &mut Vec<Event>,
        primary_slot_active: bool,
    ) -> bool {
        let Some(mut ball) = self.secondary_ball.take() else {
            return true;
        };
        let primary_position = self.ball.position;
        let primary_velocity = self.ball.velocity;
        let primary_capture_age = self.ball.capture_age;
        let old_position = MilliVec::from_position(ball.position);
        let mut velocity = MilliVec::from_velocity_per_second(ball.velocity);
        velocity.y += GRAVITY_MILLI_PER_STEP;
        velocity.clamp_speed(MAXIMUM_SPEED_MILLI_PER_STEP);
        let speed_before_collision = milli_distance(velocity);
        if predicted_outside_board(old_position.add(velocity)) {
            self.score_mode = ScoreMode::Normal;
            events.push(Event::Drain);
            return true;
        }
        let (best_static, scan, predicted) = self.scan_ordered_records_for_ball(
            &mut ball,
            2,
            2,
            old_position,
            &mut velocity,
            events,
        );
        let mut best_collision = best_static
            .map(|(id, is_wall, candidate)| (id, is_wall, candidate.resolve(velocity, ball.spin)));

        let mut transferred_primary_velocity = None;
        let other_position = MilliVec::from_position(primary_position);
        if primary_slot_active
            && !self.claw_holds_slot(ClawBallSlot::Primary)
            && !self.claw_holds_slot(ClawBallSlot::Secondary)
            && predicted.x >= other_position.x.wrapping_sub(21_000)
            && predicted.x <= other_position.x.wrapping_add(21_000)
            && predicted.y >= other_position.y.wrapping_sub(21_000)
            && predicted.y <= other_position.y.wrapping_add(21_000)
            && let Some(response) = ball_collision_response(
                old_position,
                velocity,
                ball.spin,
                other_position,
                MilliVec::from_velocity_per_second(primary_velocity),
                primary_capture_age <= 0,
            )
            && best_collision.is_none()
        {
            transferred_primary_velocity = Some(response.other_velocity);
            best_collision = Some((
                174,
                false,
                CollisionResponse {
                    surface_distance: response.surface_distance,
                    velocity: response.moving_velocity,
                    spin: response.moving_spin,
                    auxiliary_fired: false,
                },
            ));
        }
        let mut hit = None;
        let collided = best_collision.is_some();
        if collided {
            ball.capture_age = 0;
        }
        let mut auxiliary_fired = false;
        if let Some((object_id, is_wall, response)) = best_collision {
            velocity = response.velocity;
            ball.spin = response.spin;
            auxiliary_fired = response.auxiliary_fired;
            hit = Some((object_id, is_wall));
            if object_id == 174
                && let Some(transferred) = transferred_primary_velocity
            {
                self.ball.velocity = transferred.to_velocity_per_second();
            }
        }
        if hit == Some((25, true)) && speed_before_collision >= 1_000 {
            velocity.x = 0;
        }
        if hit == Some((25, true)) && speed_before_collision < 1_000 {
            velocity.x = 0;
            velocity.y = 0;
        }
        velocity.clamp_speed(MAXIMUM_SPEED_MILLI_PER_STEP);
        ball.position = old_position.add(velocity).to_position();
        ball.velocity = velocity.to_velocity_per_second();
        if hit == Some((2, true)) {
            self.score_mode = ScoreMode::Normal;
            events.push(Event::Drain);
            return true;
        }
        if let Some((object_id, true)) = hit {
            if object_id == 25 && speed_before_collision < 1_000 {
                self.score_mode = ScoreMode::Normal;
                return true;
            }
            self.apply_wall_rule(object_id, events);
            if auxiliary_fired && matches!(object_id, 55 | 74 | 107) {
                events.push(Event::Sound(2019));
            }
        } else if let Some((object_id, false)) = hit {
            self.apply_bumper_rule(object_id, auxiliary_fired, events);
        }
        match scan.action {
            BallAction::Keep | BallAction::Suspend => self.secondary_ball = Some(ball),
            BallAction::Reset | BallAction::Remove | BallAction::Finish => return true,
        }
        collided || scan.action == BallAction::Suspend
    }

    fn apply_bumper_rule(&mut self, object_id: u8, auxiliary_fired: bool, events: &mut Vec<Event>) {
        if self.tilted || !BUMPERS.iter().any(|bumper| bumper.id == object_id) {
            return;
        }
        self.record_countdowns[usize::from(object_id)] = 5;
        events.push(Event::Bumper);
        events.push(Event::Sound(2006));
        let points = self
            .player()
            .bumper_value
            .saturating_sub(if auxiliary_fired { 0 } else { 1_000 });
        if points != 0 {
            self.add_score(points, events);
        }
    }

    fn apply_wall_rule(&mut self, object_id: u8, events: &mut Vec<Event>) {
        if self.tilted {
            return;
        }
        let wall = WALLS
            .iter()
            .find(|wall| wall.id == object_id)
            .expect("a wall collision id must reference a recovered wall");

        if wall.flags & 0x0002 != 0 {
            let group = usize::from(wall.contact_group);
            self.object_active[group] = false;
            if wall.flags & 0x2000 != 0 {
                self.object_active[group + 1] = false;
                self.object_active[group + 2] = false;
            }
        }
        if wall.flags & 0x0008 != 0 {
            events.push(Event::Sound(2012));
            if [90, 93, 96, 99, 102]
                .into_iter()
                .all(|id| !self.object_active[id])
            {
                let player = &mut self.players[self.current_player];
                let completion_bonus = if player.bumper_value >= 6_000 {
                    50_000
                } else {
                    player.bumper_value += 1_000;
                    0
                };
                events.push(Event::Sound(2017));
                if completion_bonus != 0 {
                    self.add_score(completion_bonus, events);
                }
                for active in &mut self.object_active[90..=104] {
                    *active = true;
                }
            }
        }
        if wall.flags & 0x0010 != 0 {
            events.push(Event::Sound(2012));
            if [109, 112, 115, 118]
                .into_iter()
                .all(|id| !self.object_active[id])
            {
                let segments = self.player().diamond_segments;
                if segments < 9 {
                    self.players[self.current_player].diamond_segments += 1;
                    let award = if segments == 8 {
                        24_464
                    } else {
                        u32::from(segments + 1) * 10_000
                    };
                    events.push(Event::Sound(2017));
                    self.add_score(award, events);
                    if segments == 8 {
                        self.ball_double = BallDoubleState::Active;
                        for object_id in [153, 6, 154] {
                            self.object_active[object_id] = true;
                        }
                    }
                } else {
                    if self.ball_double == BallDoubleState::Active {
                        let player = &mut self.players[self.current_player];
                        player.secondary_score = player.secondary_score.wrapping_add(100_000);
                    } else {
                        self.ball_double = BallDoubleState::Active;
                    }
                    events.push(Event::Sound(2007));
                }
                for active in &mut self.object_active[109..=120] {
                    *active = true;
                }
            }
        }
        if wall.flags & 0x0400 != 0
            && self.target_rotation_state.is_none()
            && self.panel_frame.is_none()
        {
            self.target_rotation_state = Some(0);
        }
        if wall.flags & 0x0004 != 0 {
            events.push(Event::Sound(2012));
            if self.record_contacts[usize::from(SPECIAL_HOLE_SENSOR.id)] != 0 {
                self.target_effect = 7;
            } else {
                let previous = self.target_effect;
                loop {
                    self.target_effect = u8::try_from(self.random.below(6) + 1).unwrap_or(1);
                    if self.target_effect != previous {
                        break;
                    }
                }
            }
            self.object_active[usize::from(EFFECT_SENSOR.id)] = true;
        }

        // 1000:91eb dispatches b476's flag-driven rules before it adds the
        // selected record's static score. This is observable when the ninth
        // diamond enables ball-scoped double scoring: that collision's 1,500
        // points are already doubled, while the preceding 24,464 award is not.
        self.apply_static_wall_score(object_id, wall.score, events);
    }

    fn apply_static_wall_score(&mut self, object_id: u8, score: u32, events: &mut Vec<Event>) {
        if score == 0 {
            return;
        }
        self.add_score(score, events);
        events.push(if object_id == 121 {
            Event::Wheel
        } else {
            Event::Target
        });
    }

    #[cfg(test)]
    fn check_sensor_objects(
        &mut self,
        old_position: MilliVec,
        movement_velocity: MilliVec,
        events: &mut Vec<Event>,
    ) -> BallAction {
        let ball_count = if self.secondary_ball.is_some() { 2 } else { 1 };
        let mut ball = self.ball;
        let scan = self.check_sensor_objects_for_ball(
            &mut ball,
            1,
            ball_count,
            old_position,
            movement_velocity,
            events,
        );
        match scan.action {
            BallAction::Keep | BallAction::Suspend => self.ball = ball,
            BallAction::Reset => self.reset_ball_to_launcher(),
            BallAction::Finish => {
                self.ball = ball;
                self.drain(events);
            }
            BallAction::Remove => {
                self.ball = self
                    .secondary_ball
                    .take()
                    .expect("a multiball capture must leave the other slot active");
            }
        }
        scan.action
    }

    #[cfg(test)]
    fn check_sensor_objects_for_ball(
        &mut self,
        ball: &mut Ball,
        ball_number: u16,
        ball_count: u16,
        old_position: MilliVec,
        movement_velocity: MilliVec,
        events: &mut Vec<Event>,
    ) -> SensorScanResult {
        let mut capture_candidate = None;
        let mut action = BallAction::Keep;
        let predicted_position = old_position.add(movement_velocity);
        if !self.tilted
            && (TARGET_SENSORS.into_iter().any(|sensor| {
                self.object_active[usize::from(sensor.id)]
                    && trigger_broadphase_contains(predicted_position, sensor.center, sensor.radius)
            }) || self.object_active[usize::from(EFFECT_SENSOR.id)]
                && trigger_broadphase_contains(
                    predicted_position,
                    EFFECT_SENSOR.center,
                    EFFECT_SENSOR.radius,
                ))
        {
            self.special_hole_gate = SpecialHoleGate::Enabled;
        }
        if old_position.y >= 250_000 {
            return SensorScanResult {
                action: BallAction::Keep,
            };
        }
        if !self.claw.active {
            match self.capture_record_step(
                ball,
                ball_number,
                ball_count,
                89,
                CLAW_TRIGGER_CENTER,
                CLAW_TRIGGER_RADIUS,
                old_position,
                predicted_position,
                &mut capture_candidate,
                events,
            ) {
                CaptureStep::Holding | CaptureStep::Outside => {}
                CaptureStep::Complete => {
                    let terminal_frame = self
                        .next_claw_terminal_frame(self.claw_capture_restricted_for(ball_number));
                    self.begin_claw_capture_after_hold(ball, ball_number, terminal_frame, events);
                    action = BallAction::Suspend;
                }
            }
        }

        if let Some(completed_action) = self.check_lock_holes(
            ball,
            ball_number,
            ball_count,
            old_position,
            predicted_position,
            &mut capture_candidate,
            events,
        ) {
            action = completed_action;
        }
        self.check_target_sensors(ball, old_position, movement_velocity, 140..=147, events);
        if let Some(completed_action) = self.check_special_hole(
            ball,
            ball_number,
            ball_count,
            old_position,
            predicted_position,
            &mut capture_candidate,
            events,
        ) {
            action = completed_action;
        }
        self.check_effect_sensor(ball, ball_number, old_position, movement_velocity, events);
        self.check_target_sensors(ball, old_position, movement_velocity, 150..=152, events);
        SensorScanResult { action }
    }

    #[allow(
        clippy::cast_possible_truncation,
        clippy::too_many_arguments,
        clippy::too_many_lines
    )]
    fn capture_record_step(
        &mut self,
        ball: &mut Ball,
        ball_number: u16,
        ball_count: u16,
        record_id: u8,
        center: Vec2,
        radius: f32,
        previous_position: MilliVec,
        predicted_position: MilliVec,
        best_capture: &mut Option<(u8, StaticCollisionCandidate)>,
        events: &mut Vec<Event>,
    ) -> CaptureStep {
        let current_position = MilliVec::from_position(ball.position);
        let center_view = center;
        let center = MilliVec::from_position(center_view);
        let radius_view = radius;
        let radius = (radius_view * 1_000.0).round() as i32;
        let broadphase_margin = MilliVec::from_position(vec2(radius_view + 5.0, 0.0)).x;
        if predicted_position.x < center.x.wrapping_sub(broadphase_margin)
            || predicted_position.x > center.x.wrapping_add(broadphase_margin)
            || predicted_position.y < center.y.wrapping_sub(broadphase_margin)
            || predicted_position.y > center.y.wrapping_add(broadphase_margin)
        {
            if record_id == 89
                && ball.capture_age == 0
                && self.record_contacts[usize::from(record_id)] == 0
            {
                self.clear_claw_capture_entry_for(ball_number);
            }
            return CaptureStep::Outside;
        }
        let dx = center.x.wrapping_sub(current_position.x);
        let dy = center
            .y
            .wrapping_sub(current_position.y)
            .wrapping_sub(2_000);
        let surface_distance = milli_distance(MilliVec { x: dx, y: dy }) - radius;
        let contact_index = usize::from(record_id);
        let contact = self.record_contacts[contact_index];
        let contact_allowed =
            contact == 0 || (contact != 99 && ball_count == 1) || contact == ball_number;

        if surface_distance < -11_000
            && contact_allowed
            && !(record_id == 148 && self.special_hole_gate == SpecialHoleGate::Suppressed)
        {
            if record_id == 89 && ball.capture_age == 0 && self.claw.capture_entry.is_none() {
                // Latch the restriction when the ball first enters the deep
                // capture zone, before the pull/hold phase can outlive the
                // other active ball.
                self.claw.capture_entry =
                    Some((ClawBallSlot::from_ball_number(ball_number), ball_count > 1));
            }
            if ball.capture_age < 300 {
                let mut velocity = MilliVec::from_velocity_per_second(ball.velocity);
                let stationary = center.x.wrapping_sub(previous_position.x).wrapping_abs() < 500
                    && center.y.wrapping_sub(previous_position.y).wrapping_abs() < 500
                    && velocity.x.wrapping_abs() < 500
                    && velocity.y.wrapping_abs() < 500;
                if stationary {
                    velocity = MilliVec::default();
                    if ball.capture_age == 0 {
                        self.record_contacts[contact_index] = ball_number;
                        if !self.tilted {
                            events.push(Event::Sound(2015));
                        }
                    }
                    ball.capture_age = if record_id == 89 {
                        300
                    } else {
                        ball.capture_age.wrapping_add(5)
                    };
                } else {
                    let damping = Real48::from_bytes([0x80, 0x66, 0x66, 0x66, 0x66, 0x66]);
                    velocity.x = Real48::from_i32(velocity.x).multiply(damping).round_i32();
                    velocity.y = Real48::from_i32(velocity.y).multiply(damping).round_i32();
                    velocity.x = if center.x > current_position.x {
                        velocity.x.wrapping_add(150)
                    } else {
                        velocity.x.wrapping_sub(150)
                    };
                    velocity.y = if center.y > current_position.y {
                        velocity.y.wrapping_add(150)
                    } else {
                        velocity.y.wrapping_sub(150)
                    };
                }
                ball.velocity = velocity.to_velocity_per_second();
                return CaptureStep::Holding;
            }

            if record_id == 89 && ball_count == 1 {
                return CaptureStep::Complete;
            }
            ball.capture_age = 0;
            self.record_contacts[contact_index] = if record_id == 89 && ball_count > 1 {
                // Keep ownership with the held slot so its later release can
                // clear the claw contact before a fresh entry.
                ball_number
            } else if record_id == 148 || ball_count > 1 {
                2
            } else {
                99
            };
            return CaptureStep::Complete;
        }

        if record_id == 89 && surface_distance >= -11_000 {
            self.clear_claw_capture_entry_for(ball_number);
        }
        if surface_distance > -11_000 && contact == ball_number {
            self.record_contacts[contact_index] = 0;
            ball.capture_age = 0;
        }
        let velocity = MilliVec::from_velocity_per_second(ball.velocity);
        if surface_distance <= milli_distance(velocity)
            && surface_distance >= -11_000
            && contact != 0
            && let Some(candidate) = capture_collision_candidate(
                current_position,
                velocity,
                center_view,
                radius_view,
                CollisionMaterial::line(0.6, 0.0),
            )
            && best_capture.is_none()
        {
            *best_capture = Some((record_id, candidate));
        }
        CaptureStep::Outside
    }

    #[allow(clippy::too_many_arguments)]
    fn check_lock_holes(
        &mut self,
        ball: &mut Ball,
        ball_number: u16,
        ball_count: u16,
        old_position: MilliVec,
        predicted_position: MilliVec,
        best_capture: &mut Option<(u8, StaticCollisionCandidate)>,
        events: &mut Vec<Event>,
    ) -> Option<BallAction> {
        for (index, sensor) in LOCK_HOLES.into_iter().enumerate() {
            match self.capture_record_step(
                ball,
                ball_number,
                ball_count,
                sensor.id,
                sensor.center,
                sensor.radius,
                old_position,
                predicted_position,
                best_capture,
                events,
            ) {
                CaptureStep::Outside | CaptureStep::Holding => continue,
                CaptureStep::Complete => {}
            }
            return Some(self.complete_lock_hole(index, ball_count, events));
        }
        None
    }

    fn complete_lock_hole(
        &mut self,
        index: usize,
        ball_count: u16,
        events: &mut Vec<Event>,
    ) -> BallAction {
        self.wheel_holes[index] = true;
        // Deliberate original-game divergence: a multiball capture normally
        // leaves owner 2 here, which lets the surviving single ball capture
        // the visibly occupied hole once more. Occupied wheel holes remain
        // permanent in the clone regardless of which ball completed them.
        self.record_contacts[129 + index] = 99;
        // 1000:967a derives the award from all live type-three contact words,
        // including another ball that is still settling into a lock hole.
        let filled = self.record_contacts[129..=133]
            .iter()
            .filter(|contact| **contact != 0)
            .count();
        let shift = u32::try_from(filled.min(5)).unwrap_or(5);
        let award = 5_000_u32 << shift;
        let player = &mut self.players[self.current_player];
        player.secondary_score = player.secondary_score.wrapping_add(award);
        if filled == 5 {
            let transfer = self.secondary_score_display();
            self.add_score(transfer, events);
            let player = &mut self.players[self.current_player];
            player.secondary_score = 0;
            player.score_multiplier = player.score_multiplier.wrapping_add(1);
            player.extra_balls = player.extra_balls.wrapping_add(1);
            if ball_count == 1 {
                self.panel_frame = Some(0);
            }
            self.score_mode = ScoreMode::Normal;
        }
        events.push(Event::Lock);
        if ball_count == 1 {
            if self.tilted {
                BallAction::Finish
            } else {
                BallAction::Reset
            }
        } else {
            BallAction::Remove
        }
    }

    #[allow(clippy::too_many_arguments)]
    fn check_special_hole(
        &mut self,
        ball: &mut Ball,
        ball_number: u16,
        ball_count: u16,
        old_position: MilliVec,
        predicted_position: MilliVec,
        best_capture: &mut Option<(u8, StaticCollisionCandidate)>,
        events: &mut Vec<Event>,
    ) -> Option<BallAction> {
        match self.capture_record_step(
            ball,
            ball_number,
            ball_count,
            SPECIAL_HOLE_SENSOR.id,
            SPECIAL_HOLE_SENSOR.center,
            SPECIAL_HOLE_SENSOR.radius,
            old_position,
            predicted_position,
            best_capture,
            events,
        ) {
            CaptureStep::Outside | CaptureStep::Holding => return None,
            CaptureStep::Complete => {}
        }
        self.multiball_state = MultiballState::Ready;
        events.push(Event::Wheel);
        Some(if ball_count == 1 {
            if self.tilted {
                BallAction::Finish
            } else {
                BallAction::Reset
            }
        } else {
            BallAction::Remove
        })
    }

    fn check_effect_sensor(
        &mut self,
        ball: &mut Ball,
        ball_number: u16,
        old_position: MilliVec,
        movement_velocity: MilliVec,
        events: &mut Vec<Event>,
    ) -> bool {
        if self.tilted {
            return false;
        }
        let effect_index = usize::from(EFFECT_SENSOR.id);
        let predicted_position = old_position.add(movement_velocity);
        if self.object_active[effect_index]
            && trigger_broadphase_contains(
                predicted_position,
                EFFECT_SENSOR.center,
                EFFECT_SENSOR.radius,
            )
        {
            let touched = path_intersects_circle(
                old_position,
                movement_velocity,
                EFFECT_SENSOR.center,
                EFFECT_SENSOR.radius,
            );
            let entered = touched && !self.trigger_flags[effect_index];
            self.trigger_flags[effect_index] = touched;
            if entered {
                events.push(Event::Target);
                events.push(Event::Sound(2004));
                self.add_score(EFFECT_SENSOR.score, events);
                match self.target_effect {
                    1..=5 => {
                        const ADDITIONS: [u32; 5] = [10_000, 20_000, 50_000, 100_000, 200_000];
                        let addition = ADDITIONS[usize::from(self.target_effect - 1)];
                        let player = &mut self.players[self.current_player];
                        player.secondary_score = player.secondary_score.wrapping_add(addition);
                    }
                    6 => {
                        let transfer = self.secondary_score_display();
                        self.add_score(transfer, events);
                        self.players[self.current_player].secondary_score = 0;
                    }
                    7 if self.record_contacts[usize::from(SPECIAL_HOLE_SENSOR.id)] != 0
                        && self.record_contacts[usize::from(SPECIAL_HOLE_SENSOR.id)]
                            != ball_number
                        && self.secondary_ball.is_none()
                        && matches!(
                            self.multiball_state,
                            MultiballState::Ready | MultiballState::Active
                        ) =>
                    {
                        self.secondary_ball = Some(Ball {
                            position: vec2(17.0, 23.0),
                            velocity: MilliVec { x: 0, y: 3_040 }.to_velocity_per_second(),
                            in_launcher: false,
                            spin: Real48::ZERO,
                            capture_age: 0,
                        });
                        self.multiball_state = MultiballState::Active;
                        self.score_mode = ScoreMode::Multiball;
                    }
                    _ => {}
                }
                self.target_effect = 0;
                self.object_active[effect_index] = false;
                self.randomize_trigger_velocity(ball);
                return true;
            }
        }
        false
    }

    fn check_target_sensors(
        &mut self,
        ball: &mut Ball,
        old_position: MilliVec,
        movement_velocity: MilliVec,
        record_ids: std::ops::RangeInclusive<u8>,
        events: &mut Vec<Event>,
    ) -> bool {
        if self.tilted {
            return false;
        }
        let mut triggered = false;
        let predicted_position = old_position.add(movement_velocity);
        for sensor in TARGET_SENSORS {
            if !record_ids.contains(&sensor.id) {
                continue;
            }
            let contact_index = usize::from(sensor.id);
            // The original scanner does not call a type-4 handler until the
            // predicted point is inside that record's registered bounds. In
            // multiball this also prevents an unrelated ball outside the
            // corridor from clearing the ball that is currently inside it.
            if !self.object_active[contact_index]
                || !trigger_broadphase_contains(predicted_position, sensor.center, sensor.radius)
            {
                continue;
            }
            let touched = path_intersects_circle(
                old_position,
                movement_velocity,
                sensor.center,
                sensor.radius,
            );
            let entered = touched && !self.trigger_flags[contact_index];
            self.trigger_flags[contact_index] = touched;
            if !entered {
                continue;
            }
            events.push(Event::Target);
            events.push(Event::Sound(2004));
            self.add_score(sensor.score, events);
            self.record_countdowns[usize::from(sensor.id)] = if sensor.id <= 147 { 20 } else { 10 };
            if (150..=152).contains(&sensor.id) {
                self.top_targets[usize::from(sensor.id - 150)] = true;
                let field_id = [153, 6, 154][usize::from(sensor.id - 150)];
                self.object_active[field_id] = true;
            }
            self.randomize_trigger_velocity(ball);
            triggered = true;
        }
        triggered
    }

    fn randomize_trigger_velocity(&mut self, ball: &mut Ball) {
        let mut velocity = MilliVec::from_velocity_per_second(ball.velocity);
        let offset = Real48::from_bytes([0x81, 0x71, 0x3d, 0x0a, 0xd7, 0x03]);
        let span = Real48::from_bytes([0x7d, 0x71, 0x3d, 0x0a, 0xd7, 0x23]);
        let x_factor = offset.subtract(self.random.real48().multiply(span));
        let y_factor = offset.subtract(self.random.real48().multiply(span));
        velocity.x = Real48::from_i32(velocity.x).multiply(x_factor).round_i32();
        velocity.y = Real48::from_i32(velocity.y).multiply(y_factor).round_i32();
        ball.velocity = velocity.to_velocity_per_second();
    }

    fn reset_ball_to_launcher(&mut self) {
        if self.record_contacts[129..=133]
            .iter()
            .all(|contact| *contact != 0)
        {
            self.panel_frame = Some(0);
        }
        self.tilted = false;
        self.tilt_counter = 0;
        self.ball = Ball::default();
        self.launcher_charge = 0.0;
        self.launcher_was_down = false;
        self.launcher_hold_seconds = 0.0;
        self.launcher_next_repeat = LAUNCHER_REPEAT_DELAY_SECONDS;
        self.launcher_velocity_milli = 0;
    }

    #[cfg(test)]
    fn apply_magnetic_fields(&mut self, old_position: MilliVec, velocity: &mut MilliVec) {
        for object_id in [6, 153, 154] {
            self.apply_magnetic_record(object_id, old_position, velocity);
        }
    }

    fn apply_magnetic_record(
        &mut self,
        object_id: usize,
        old_position: MilliVec,
        velocity: &mut MilliVec,
    ) -> bool {
        if self.tilted || !self.object_active[object_id] {
            return false;
        }
        let (min_x, min_y, max_x, max_y) = match object_id {
            6 => (143_000, 421_000, 169_000, 452_000),
            153 => (1_000, 315_000, 32_000, 389_000),
            154 => (278_000, 315_000, 312_000, 387_000),
            _ => unreachable!("only the three rectangular type-four records are magnetic"),
        };
        if old_position.x < min_x
            || old_position.x > max_x
            || old_position.y < min_y
            || old_position.y > max_y
        {
            return false;
        }
        self.special_hole_gate = SpecialHoleGate::Enabled;
        let damping = Real48::from_bytes([0x80, 0x66, 0x66, 0x66, 0x66, 0x66]);
        velocity.x = Real48::from_i32(velocity.x).multiply(damping).round_i32();
        let vertical_factor = Real48::from_i32(1).subtract(
            self.random
                .real48()
                .multiply(Real48::from_bytes([0x7f, 0x9a, 0x99, 0x99, 0x99, 0x19])),
        );
        velocity.y = Real48::from_i32(MAXIMUM_SPEED_MILLI_PER_STEP)
            .multiply(vertical_factor)
            .round_i32()
            .wrapping_neg();
        let predicted = old_position.add(*velocity);
        if predicted.x < min_x || predicted.x > max_x || predicted.y < min_y || predicted.y > max_y
        {
            self.object_active[object_id] = false;
        }
        true
    }

    pub fn magnetic_field_active(&self, object_id: usize) -> bool {
        debug_assert!([6, 153, 154].contains(&object_id));
        self.object_active[object_id]
    }

    pub fn bank_target_lit(&self, object_id: u8) -> bool {
        matches!(object_id, 90 | 93 | 96 | 99 | 102 | 109 | 112 | 115 | 118)
            && !self.object_active[usize::from(object_id)]
    }

    pub fn effect_target_active(&self) -> bool {
        self.object_active[usize::from(EFFECT_SENSOR.id)]
    }

    pub fn special_hole_active(&self) -> bool {
        self.multiball_state == MultiballState::Ready
            && self.record_contacts[usize::from(SPECIAL_HOLE_SENSOR.id)] != 0
    }

    pub fn player_effect(&self) -> u8 {
        self.target_effect.min(7)
    }

    fn next_claw_terminal_frame(&mut self, restricted: bool) -> u8 {
        if restricted {
            // Frame 18 sends the released ball down the shooter lane. During
            // a capture that began with two live balls, keep it on the table.
            CLAW_TABLE_TERMINAL_FRAMES[usize::from(self.random.below(3))]
        } else {
            CLAW_TERMINAL_FRAMES[usize::from(self.random.below(4))]
        }
    }

    fn claw_holds_slot(&self, slot: ClawBallSlot) -> bool {
        self.claw.ball_suspended && self.claw.captured_slot == Some(slot)
    }

    fn claw_capture_restricted_for(&self, ball_number: u16) -> bool {
        self.claw.capture_entry == Some((ClawBallSlot::from_ball_number(ball_number), true))
    }

    fn clear_claw_capture_entry_for(&mut self, ball_number: u16) {
        let slot = ClawBallSlot::from_ball_number(ball_number);
        if self
            .claw
            .capture_entry
            .is_some_and(|(owner, _)| owner == slot)
        {
            self.claw.capture_entry = None;
        }
    }

    fn promote_claw_secondary_to_primary(&mut self) {
        if self.claw.captured_slot == Some(ClawBallSlot::Secondary) {
            self.claw.captured_slot = Some(ClawBallSlot::Primary);
            if let Some((ClawBallSlot::Secondary, restricted)) = self.claw.capture_entry {
                self.claw.capture_entry = Some((ClawBallSlot::Primary, restricted));
            }
            if self.record_contacts[89] == 2 {
                self.record_contacts[89] = 1;
            }
            self.score_mode = ScoreMode::Normal;
        }
    }

    pub fn primary_ball_suspended(&self) -> bool {
        self.claw_holds_slot(ClawBallSlot::Primary)
    }

    pub fn secondary_ball_suspended(&self) -> bool {
        self.claw_holds_slot(ClawBallSlot::Secondary)
    }

    fn apply_flipper_kicks(&mut self) {
        let pending = self.pending_flipper_edges;
        self.pending_flipper_edges.fill(0);
        if self.ball.in_launcher || self.tilted {
            return;
        }
        let primary_held = self.claw_holds_slot(ClawBallSlot::Primary);
        let secondary_held = self.claw_holds_slot(ClawBallSlot::Secondary);

        for (delta, side) in [
            (i32::from(pending[0]), FlipperSide::Left),
            (i32::from(pending[1]), FlipperSide::Right),
        ] {
            if delta == 0 {
                continue;
            }
            if !primary_held {
                apply_flipper_response_to_ball(&mut self.ball, delta, side);
            }
            if let Some(secondary) = &mut self.secondary_ball
                && !secondary_held
            {
                apply_flipper_response_to_ball(secondary, delta, side);
            }
        }
    }

    #[cfg(not(target_arch = "wasm32"))]
    fn begin_claw_capture(&mut self, terminal_frame: u8, events: &mut Vec<Event>) {
        debug_assert!(CLAW_TERMINAL_FRAMES.contains(&terminal_frame));
        if self.claw.active {
            return;
        }
        self.claw.active = true;
        self.claw.target_frame = terminal_frame;
        self.claw.bank = ClawSpriteBank::Closing;
        self.claw.ball_suspended = true;
        self.claw.captured_slot = Some(ClawBallSlot::Primary);
        self.claw.capture_entry = None;
        self.claw.frame_accumulator = 0.0;
        self.ball.velocity = Vec2::ZERO;
        self.ball.spin = Real48::ZERO;
        events.push(Event::ClawCapture);
        events.push(Event::Sound(2015));
    }

    fn begin_claw_capture_after_hold(
        &mut self,
        ball: &mut Ball,
        ball_number: u16,
        terminal_frame: u8,
        events: &mut Vec<Event>,
    ) {
        debug_assert!(CLAW_TERMINAL_FRAMES.contains(&terminal_frame));
        if self.claw.active {
            return;
        }
        self.claw.active = true;
        self.claw.target_frame = terminal_frame;
        self.claw.bank = ClawSpriteBank::Closing;
        self.claw.ball_suspended = true;
        self.claw.captured_slot = Some(ClawBallSlot::from_ball_number(ball_number));
        self.claw.frame_accumulator = 0.0;
        ball.velocity = Vec2::ZERO;
        ball.spin = Real48::ZERO;
        events.push(Event::ClawCapture);
    }

    fn update_claw(&mut self, dt: f32, events: &mut Vec<Event>) {
        if !self.claw.active {
            return;
        }
        self.claw.frame_accumulator += dt;
        while self.claw.active && self.claw.frame_accumulator >= self.claw_frame_seconds {
            self.claw.frame_accumulator -= self.claw_frame_seconds;
            self.advance_claw(events);
        }
    }

    fn advance_claw(&mut self, events: &mut Vec<Event>) {
        if self.claw.frame != self.claw.target_frame {
            if self.claw.frame < self.claw.target_frame {
                self.claw.frame += 1;
            } else {
                self.claw.frame -= 1;
            }
            return;
        }

        if self.claw.frame == 10 {
            if self.claw.bank == ClawSpriteBank::Opening {
                self.claw = Claw::default();
            }
            return;
        }

        let release_frame = self.claw.frame;
        self.claw.target_frame = 10;
        self.claw.bank = ClawSpriteBank::Opening;
        let release = claw_release(release_frame);
        match self.claw.captured_slot {
            Some(ClawBallSlot::Primary) => {
                (self.ball.position, self.ball.velocity) = release;
            }
            Some(ClawBallSlot::Secondary) => {
                if let Some(ball) = &mut self.secondary_ball {
                    (ball.position, ball.velocity) = release;
                } else {
                    (self.ball.position, self.ball.velocity) = release;
                    self.promote_claw_secondary_to_primary();
                }
            }
            None => {
                (self.ball.position, self.ball.velocity) = release;
                self.claw.captured_slot = Some(ClawBallSlot::Primary);
            }
        }
        self.claw.ball_suspended = false;
        events.push(Event::ClawRelease);
        events.push(Event::Sound(2016));
    }

    fn add_score(&mut self, points: u32, events: &mut Vec<Event>) {
        const THRESHOLDS: [u32; 4] = [140_000, 650_000, 1_300_000, 4_000_000];
        if self.tilted {
            return;
        }
        let multiball_multiplier = if self.score_mode == ScoreMode::Multiball {
            2
        } else {
            1
        };
        let ball_multiplier = if self.ball_double == BallDoubleState::Active {
            2
        } else {
            1
        };
        let multiplier = multiball_multiplier * ball_multiplier;
        let player = &mut self.players[self.current_player];
        player.score = player.score.wrapping_add(points.wrapping_mul(multiplier));
        let level = usize::from(player.media_level);
        if level < THRESHOLDS.len() && score_reaches_marker(player.score, THRESHOLDS[level]) {
            player.media_level += 1;
            player.extra_balls = player.extra_balls.wrapping_add(1);
            events.push(Event::Media);
            events.push(Event::ExtraBall);
            events.push(Event::Sound(2007));
        }
    }

    fn drain(&mut self, events: &mut Vec<Event>) {
        if self.claw_holds_slot(ClawBallSlot::Secondary) {
            self.ball = self
                .secondary_ball
                .take()
                .expect("the claw-held secondary ball must remain in slot two");
            self.promote_claw_secondary_to_primary();
            events.push(Event::Drain);
            return;
        }
        if let Some(remaining_ball) = self.secondary_ball.take() {
            self.ball = remaining_ball;
            self.score_mode = ScoreMode::Normal;
            events.push(Event::Drain);
            return;
        }
        if self.special_respawn_pending() {
            self.ball = Ball {
                position: vec2(17.0, 23.0),
                velocity: MilliVec { x: 0, y: 3_040 }.to_velocity_per_second(),
                in_launcher: false,
                spin: Real48::ZERO,
                capture_age: 0,
            };
            self.multiball_state = MultiballState::Unavailable;
            self.record_contacts[148] = 0;
            self.special_hole_gate = SpecialHoleGate::Suppressed;
            return;
        }
        self.ball_double = BallDoubleState::Inactive;
        self.multiball_state = MultiballState::Unavailable;
        self.special_hole_gate = SpecialHoleGate::Enabled;
        let player = &mut self.players[self.current_player];
        if player.extra_balls > 0 {
            player.extra_balls -= 1;
        } else {
            player.balls = player.balls.saturating_sub(1);
        }
        let high_score_candidate =
            (player.balls == 0 && player.extra_balls == 0).then_some(player.score);
        self.save_current_rule_state();
        events.push(Event::Drain);
        if !self.tilted {
            events.push(Event::Sound(2008));
        }
        if let Some(score) = high_score_candidate {
            events.push(Event::HighScoreCandidate(score));
            self.flipper_release_latch[0] |= self.flipper_inputs.left_raised;
            self.flipper_release_latch[1] |= self.flipper_inputs.right_raised;
            self.flipper_inputs = Flippers::default();
        }
        self.tilted = false;
        self.tilt_counter = 0;
        self.secondary_ball = None;
        self.score_mode = ScoreMode::Normal;
        self.launcher_charge = 0.0;
        self.launcher_was_down = false;
        self.launcher_hold_seconds = 0.0;
        self.launcher_next_repeat = LAUNCHER_REPEAT_DELAY_SECONDS;
        self.launcher_velocity_milli = 0;

        let mut next = (self.current_player + 1) % self.players.len();
        for _ in 0..self.players.len() {
            if self.players[next].balls > 0 || self.players[next].extra_balls > 0 {
                self.current_player = next;
                self.load_current_rule_state();
                self.ball = Ball::default();
                return;
            }
            next = (next + 1) % self.players.len();
        }
        self.finished = true;
    }

    fn special_respawn_pending(&self) -> bool {
        self.secondary_ball.is_none()
            && self.score_mode == ScoreMode::Normal
            && self.record_contacts[usize::from(SPECIAL_HOLE_SENSOR.id)] != 0
            && matches!(
                self.multiball_state,
                MultiballState::Ready | MultiballState::Active
            )
    }

    fn save_current_rule_state(&mut self) {
        self.players[self.current_player].rules = RuleState {
            wheel_holes: self.wheel_holes,
            top_targets: self.top_targets,
            record_contacts: self.record_contacts,
            object_active: self.object_active,
            target_effect: self.target_effect,
            multiball_state: self.multiball_state,
        };
    }

    fn load_current_rule_state(&mut self) {
        let state = self.players[self.current_player].rules;
        self.wheel_holes = state.wheel_holes;
        self.top_targets = state.top_targets;
        self.record_contacts = state.record_contacts;
        self.trigger_flags.fill(false);
        self.object_active = state.object_active;
        self.target_effect = state.target_effect;
        self.multiball_state = state.multiball_state;
    }

    fn live_wall_segment(&self, object_id: u8, resting: Segment) -> Segment {
        let (start, end) = match object_id {
            66 if self.flippers.left_raised => (vec2(98.0, 382.0), vec2(131.0, 369.0)),
            68 if self.flippers.left_raised => (vec2(137.0, 384.0), vec2(116.0, 405.0)),
            81 if self.flippers.right_raised => (vec2(197.0, 405.0), vec2(171.0, 378.0)),
            83 if self.flippers.right_raised => (vec2(183.0, 368.0), vec2(217.0, 383.0)),
            _ => return resting,
        };
        Segment::new(start, end, resting.bounce)
    }

    fn live_circle_center(&self, object_id: u8, resting: Vec2) -> Vec2 {
        match object_id {
            67 if self.flippers.left_raised => LEFT_FLIPPER_RAISED_TIP,
            82 if self.flippers.right_raised => RIGHT_FLIPPER_RAISED_TIP,
            _ => resting,
        }
    }

    fn live_circle_bounds(
        &self,
        object_id: u8,
        center: Vec2,
        contact_radius: f32,
    ) -> (MilliVec, MilliVec) {
        // 1000:8b0d moves the tip records through an asymmetric swept box;
        // their collision broadphase is not center +/- (radius + 5).
        if object_id == 67 && self.flippers.left_raised {
            return (
                MilliVec {
                    x: 118_000,
                    y: 362_000,
                },
                MilliVec {
                    x: 150_000,
                    y: 476_000,
                },
            );
        }
        if object_id == 82 && self.flippers.right_raised {
            return (
                MilliVec {
                    x: 167_000,
                    y: 362_000,
                },
                MilliVec {
                    x: 191_000,
                    y: 476_000,
                },
            );
        }
        let center = MilliVec::from_position(center);
        let margin = MilliVec::from_position(vec2(contact_radius + 5.0, 0.0)).x;
        (
            MilliVec {
                x: center.x.wrapping_sub(margin),
                y: center.y.wrapping_sub(margin),
            },
            MilliVec {
                x: center.x.wrapping_add(margin),
                y: center.y.wrapping_add(margin),
            },
        )
    }
}

fn claw_release(frame: u8) -> (Vec2, Vec2) {
    let (position, direction) = match frame {
        1 => (vec2(258.0, 78.0), vec2(-0.60, 0.00)),
        2 => (vec2(259.0, 81.0), vec2(-0.45, 0.05)),
        3 => (vec2(258.0, 78.0), vec2(-0.70, 0.30)),
        4 => (vec2(261.0, 86.0), vec2(-0.30, 0.20)),
        5 => (vec2(266.0, 90.0), vec2(-0.32, 0.22)),
        6 => (vec2(270.0, 94.0), vec2(-0.40, 0.60)),
        7 => (vec2(275.0, 97.0), vec2(-0.31, 0.70)),
        8 => (vec2(278.0, 98.0), vec2(-0.20, 0.80)),
        9 => (vec2(282.0, 101.0), vec2(-0.10, 0.90)),
        18 => return (vec2(325.0, 92.0), vec2(0.0, 100.0)),
        _ => unreachable!("the original claw only releases from a terminal frame"),
    };
    (position, direction * ORIGINAL_BALL_SPEED_PER_SECOND)
}

fn apply_flipper_response_to_ball(ball: &mut Ball, delta: i32, side: FlipperSide) {
    let position = MilliVec::from_position(ball.position);
    let velocity = MilliVec::from_velocity_per_second(ball.velocity);
    if let Some(response) = moving_flipper_response(
        position,
        velocity,
        delta,
        side,
        Real48::from_bytes([0x80, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0]),
        MAXIMUM_SPEED_MILLI_PER_STEP,
    ) {
        ball.position = position.add(response.movement).to_position();
        ball.velocity = response.velocity.to_velocity_per_second();
    }
}

#[allow(clippy::too_many_lines)]
#[cfg(test)]
mod tests {
    use super::*;

    fn launch_ball(game: &mut Game, held_frames: usize) -> Vec<Event> {
        for _ in 0..held_frames {
            game.update(
                1.0 / 60.0,
                3,
                Controls {
                    launch_down: true,
                    ..Controls::default()
                },
            );
        }
        game.update(1.0 / 60.0, 3, Controls::default())
    }

    fn complete_stationary_type_three_capture(
        game: &mut Game,
        center: Vec2,
        events: &mut Vec<Event>,
    ) {
        for _ in 0..=60 {
            game.ball.in_launcher = false;
            game.ball.position = center;
            game.ball.velocity = Vec2::ZERO;
            game.check_sensor_objects(MilliVec::from_position(center), MilliVec::default(), events);
        }
    }

    fn capture_primary_record_step(
        game: &mut Game,
        record_id: u8,
        center: Vec2,
        radius: f32,
        previous_position: MilliVec,
        events: &mut Vec<Event>,
    ) -> CaptureStep {
        let mut ball = game.ball;
        let mut capture_candidate = None;
        let predicted_position =
            previous_position.add(MilliVec::from_velocity_per_second(ball.velocity));
        let result = game.capture_record_step(
            &mut ball,
            1,
            if game.secondary_ball.is_some() { 2 } else { 1 },
            record_id,
            center,
            radius,
            previous_position,
            predicted_position,
            &mut capture_candidate,
            events,
        );
        game.ball = ball;
        result
    }

    #[test]
    fn player_count_is_bounded() {
        assert_eq!(Game::new(0).players.len(), 1);
        assert_eq!(Game::new(99).players.len(), 4);
    }

    #[test]
    fn plus_adds_players_only_before_the_first_launch() {
        let mut game = Game::new(1);

        assert!(game.add_player_before_launch());
        assert!(game.add_player_before_launch());
        assert!(game.add_player_before_launch());
        assert!(!game.add_player_before_launch());
        assert_eq!(game.players.len(), 4);

        let mut game = Game::new(1);
        launch_ball(&mut game, 1);
        assert!(!game.add_player_before_launch());
        assert_eq!(game.players.len(), 1);
    }

    #[test]
    fn ball_starts_in_the_recovered_shooter_lane() {
        let game = Game::new(1);

        assert_eq!(game.ball.position, Vec2::new(325.0, 413.0));
        assert!(game.ball.in_launcher);
    }

    #[test]
    fn each_static_record_reaches_the_production_scanner() {
        let mut missed_walls = Vec::new();
        for wall in WALLS {
            let direction = wall.segment.end - wall.segment.start;
            let normal = vec2(-direction.y, direction.x).normalize();
            let midpoint = (wall.segment.start + wall.segment.end) * 0.5;
            let mut game = Game::new(1);
            game.object_active.fill(false);
            game.object_active[usize::from(wall.id)] = true;
            game.ball.in_launcher = false;
            game.ball.position = midpoint - normal;
            game.ball.velocity =
                MilliVec::from_velocity_per_second(normal * 200.0).to_velocity_per_second();
            game.fixed_update(&mut Vec::new());
            if game.last_collision_id != Some(wall.id) {
                missed_walls.push(wall.id);
            }
        }

        let mut missed_circles = Vec::new();
        for circle in PASSIVE_CIRCLES.iter().chain(BUMPERS.iter()) {
            let mut game = Game::new(1);
            game.object_active.fill(false);
            game.object_active[usize::from(circle.id)] = true;
            game.ball.in_launcher = false;
            game.ball.position = circle.center + vec2(circle.contact_radius + 1.0, 0.0);
            game.ball.velocity = MilliVec { x: -2_000, y: 0 }.to_velocity_per_second();
            game.fixed_update(&mut Vec::new());
            if game.last_collision_id != Some(circle.id) {
                missed_circles.push(circle.id);
            }
        }

        assert!(
            missed_walls.is_empty(),
            "missed production wall records: {missed_walls:?}"
        );
        assert!(
            missed_circles.is_empty(),
            "missed production circle records: {missed_circles:?}"
        );
    }

    #[test]
    fn detail_timer_batches_the_original_number_of_substeps() {
        for (detail, interval, substeps) in [
            (1, 0.050, 5_i32),
            (2, 0.040, 4),
            (3, 0.030, 3),
            (4, 0.020, 2),
            (5, 0.010, 1),
        ] {
            let mut game = Game::new(1);
            game.ball.in_launcher = false;
            game.ball.position = vec2(200.0, 250.0);
            game.ball.velocity = Vec2::ZERO;
            game.object_active.fill(false);

            game.update(interval - 0.001, detail, Controls::default());
            assert_eq!(game.ball.position, vec2(200.0, 250.0));
            assert_eq!(game.ball.velocity, Vec2::ZERO);

            game.update(0.001_1, detail, Controls::default());
            let velocity = MilliVec::from_velocity_per_second(game.ball.velocity);
            let position = MilliVec::from_position(game.ball.position);
            assert_eq!(velocity.y, 15 * substeps);
            assert_eq!(position.y, 250_000 + 15 * substeps * (substeps + 1) / 2);
        }
    }

    #[test]
    fn detail_batch_stops_after_the_first_collision_like_integrate_one_ball() {
        let mut game = Game::new(1);
        game.ball.in_launcher = false;
        game.ball.position = vec2(270.0, 30.0);
        game.ball.velocity = vec2(0.0, -380.0);
        let mut expected = game.clone();
        let mut expected_events = Vec::new();
        let mut stopped = false;
        for _ in 0..5 {
            if expected.fixed_update(&mut expected_events) {
                stopped = true;
                break;
            }
        }
        assert!(stopped, "the recovered top rail must end this detail batch");

        let mut events = Vec::new();
        game.timer_tick(0.050, 5, &mut events);

        assert_eq!(game.ball.position, expected.ball.position);
        assert_eq!(game.ball.velocity, expected.ball.velocity);
        assert_eq!(events, expected_events);
    }

    #[test]
    fn effect_seven_spawn_waits_until_the_next_timer_callback() {
        let mut game = Game::new_with_seed(1, 7);
        game.ball.in_launcher = false;
        game.ball.position = EFFECT_SENSOR.center;
        game.ball.velocity = Vec2::ZERO;
        game.object_active.fill(false);
        game.object_active[usize::from(EFFECT_SENSOR.id)] = true;
        game.multiball_state = MultiballState::Ready;
        game.record_contacts[usize::from(SPECIAL_HOLE_SENSOR.id)] = 2;
        game.target_effect = 7;

        game.timer_tick(0.050, 5, &mut Vec::new());

        let spawned = game
            .secondary_ball
            .expect("the effect-seven request must create slot two after simulation");
        assert_eq!(spawned.position, vec2(17.0, 23.0));
        assert_eq!(
            MilliVec::from_velocity_per_second(spawned.velocity),
            MilliVec { x: 0, y: 3_040 }
        );
    }

    #[test]
    fn survivor_keeps_ball_two_identity_for_the_rest_of_the_callback() {
        let lock = LOCK_HOLES[0];
        let mut game = Game::new_with_seed(1, 7);
        game.ball.in_launcher = false;
        game.ball.position = lock.center;
        game.ball.velocity = Vec2::ZERO;
        game.ball.capture_age = 300;
        game.record_contacts[usize::from(lock.id)] = 1;
        game.secondary_ball = Some(Ball {
            position: EFFECT_SENSOR.center,
            velocity: Vec2::ZERO,
            in_launcher: false,
            spin: Real48::ZERO,
            capture_age: 0,
        });
        game.object_active[usize::from(EFFECT_SENSOR.id)] = true;
        game.multiball_state = MultiballState::Ready;
        game.target_effect = 7;

        game.timer_tick(0.050, 5, &mut Vec::new());

        assert!(game.secondary_ball.is_none());
        assert_eq!(game.target_effect, 0);
        assert!(!game.effect_target_active());
        assert_eq!(game.multiball_state, MultiballState::Ready);
        assert!(game.wheel_holes[0]);
        assert!(game.ball.position.y > EFFECT_SENSOR.center.y);
    }

    #[test]
    fn launcher_charges_while_held_and_fires_on_release() {
        let mut game = Game::new(1);
        game.update(
            1.0 / 60.0,
            3,
            Controls {
                launch_down: true,
                ..Controls::default()
            },
        );

        assert!(game.ball.in_launcher);
        assert!(game.launcher_charge > 0.0);

        let events = game.update(1.0 / 60.0, 3, Controls::default());

        assert!(events.contains(&Event::Launch));
        assert!(!game.ball.in_launcher);
        assert!(game.ball.velocity.y < 0.0);
    }

    #[test]
    fn holding_the_launcher_produces_a_faster_shot() {
        let mut quick = Game::new_with_seed(1, 7);
        let held = Controls {
            launch_down: true,
            ..Controls::default()
        };
        quick.update(0.0, 3, held);
        quick.update(0.0, 3, Controls::default());
        let quick_speed = -quick.ball.velocity.y;
        assert_eq!(
            MilliVec::from_velocity_per_second(quick.ball.velocity),
            MilliVec { x: 0, y: -2_270 }
        );

        let mut charged = Game::new_with_seed(1, 7);
        launch_ball(&mut charged, 60);
        let charged_speed = -charged.ball.velocity.y;

        assert!(charged_speed > quick_speed + 80.0);
    }

    #[test]
    fn maximum_launch_requires_a_deliberate_hold() {
        let mut game = Game::new(1);
        let held = Controls {
            launch_down: true,
            ..Controls::default()
        };

        for _ in 0..30 {
            game.update(1.0 / 60.0, 3, held);
        }
        assert!((0.19..0.21).contains(&game.launcher_charge));
        assert_eq!(game.launcher_frame(), 2);

        for _ in 0..30 {
            game.update(1.0 / 60.0, 3, held);
        }
        assert!(game.launcher_charge >= 0.95);
        assert_eq!(game.launcher_frame(), 10);
    }

    #[test]
    fn maximum_launch_uses_the_initial_random_seed_for_trajectory_variation() {
        let mut first = Game::new_with_seed(1, 1);
        let mut second = Game::new_with_seed(1, 2);

        launch_ball(&mut first, 60);
        launch_ball(&mut second, 60);

        assert_ne!(first.ball.velocity, second.ball.velocity);
    }

    #[test]
    fn charged_ball_clears_the_shooter_lane() {
        for detail in 1..=5 {
            let mut game = Game::new_with_seed(1, u32::from(detail));
            launch_ball(&mut game, 60);
            let mut entered_table = false;
            let mut returned_to_launcher = false;
            let mut minimum_y = game.ball.position.y;

            for _ in 0..480 {
                game.update(1.0 / 120.0, detail, Controls::default());
                minimum_y = minimum_y.min(game.ball.position.y);
                if game.ball.position.x < 280.0 && game.ball.position.y > 30.0 {
                    entered_table = true;
                }
                returned_to_launcher |= game.ball.in_launcher && !entered_table;
            }

            assert!(
                entered_table,
                "detail {detail}: the shooter curve should guide the ball onto the table; position={:?}, velocity={:?}, minimum_y={minimum_y}",
                game.ball.position, game.ball.velocity
            );
            assert!(
                !returned_to_launcher,
                "detail {detail}: a launched ball must not rebound into the launcher"
            );
        }
    }

    #[test]
    fn shooter_stop_rearms_a_returning_ball() {
        let mut game = Game::new(1);
        game.ball.in_launcher = false;
        game.ball.position = Vec2::new(325.0, 410.0);
        game.ball.velocity = Vec2::new(0.0, 80.0);

        for _ in 0..8 {
            game.update(1.0 / 120.0, 5, Controls::default());
            if game.ball.in_launcher {
                break;
            }
        }

        assert!(game.ball.in_launcher);
        assert_eq!(game.ball.position, LAUNCHER_POSITION);
        assert_eq!(game.ball.velocity, Vec2::ZERO);
    }

    #[test]
    fn fast_shooter_stop_contact_bounces_without_rearming() {
        let mut game = Game::new(1);
        game.object_active.fill(false);
        game.object_active[25] = true;
        game.ball.in_launcher = false;
        game.ball.position = Vec2::new(320.0, 412.0);
        game.ball.velocity = MilliVec { x: 500, y: 1_000 }.to_velocity_per_second();

        assert!(game.fixed_update(&mut Vec::new()));

        assert!(!game.ball.in_launcher);
        assert!(game.ball.velocity.y < 0.0);
        assert_eq!(MilliVec::from_velocity_per_second(game.ball.velocity).x, 0);
        assert_eq!(MilliVec::from_position(game.ball.position).x, 320_000);
    }

    #[test]
    fn ball_reset_clears_tilt_state_before_the_next_launch() {
        let mut game = Game::new(1);
        game.tilted = true;
        game.tilt_counter = 39;

        game.reset_ball_to_launcher();

        assert!(!game.tilted);
        assert_eq!(game.tilt_counter, 0);
        assert!(game.ball.in_launcher);
    }

    #[test]
    fn ninth_diamond_and_followup_banks_match_original_awards() {
        let mut game = Game::new(1);
        game.players[0].diamond_segments = 8;
        let mut events = Vec::new();

        assert_eq!(game.ball_double, BallDoubleState::Inactive);
        assert!(!game.magnetic_field_active(153));
        assert!(!game.magnetic_field_active(6));
        assert!(!game.magnetic_field_active(154));

        for object_id in [109, 112, 115, 118] {
            game.apply_wall_rule(object_id, &mut events);
        }
        assert_eq!(game.player().diamond_segments, 9);
        assert_eq!(game.player().score, 3 * 1_500 + 24_464 + 2 * 1_500);
        assert_eq!(game.ball_double, BallDoubleState::Active);
        assert!(game.magnetic_field_active(153));
        assert!(game.magnetic_field_active(6));
        assert!(game.magnetic_field_active(154));

        for object_id in [109, 112, 115, 118] {
            game.apply_wall_rule(object_id, &mut events);
        }
        assert_eq!(game.player().score, 3 * 1_500 + 24_464 + 10 * 1_500);
        assert_eq!(game.player().secondary_score, 100_000);

        for object_id in [109, 112, 115, 118] {
            game.apply_wall_rule(object_id, &mut events);
        }
        assert_eq!(game.player().secondary_score, 200_000);
    }

    #[test]
    fn score_helper_stacks_multiball_and_ball_double_and_honors_tilt() {
        let mut game = Game::new(1);
        let mut events = Vec::new();
        game.score_mode = ScoreMode::Multiball;
        game.add_score(100, &mut events);
        assert_eq!(game.player().score, 200);

        game.ball_double = BallDoubleState::Active;
        game.add_score(100, &mut events);
        assert_eq!(game.player().score, 600);

        game.tilted = true;
        game.add_score(100, &mut events);
        assert_eq!(game.player().score, 600);
    }

    #[test]
    fn double_score_resets_on_normal_ball_end_but_survives_special_respawn() {
        let mut normal = Game::new(1);
        normal.players[0].diamond_segments = 9;
        normal.players[0].secondary_score = 200_000;
        normal.ball_double = BallDoubleState::Active;
        normal.drain(&mut Vec::new());
        assert_eq!(normal.ball_double, BallDoubleState::Inactive);
        for object_id in [109, 112, 115, 118] {
            normal.apply_wall_rule(object_id, &mut Vec::new());
        }
        assert_eq!(normal.ball_double, BallDoubleState::Active);
        assert_eq!(normal.player().secondary_score, 200_000);

        let mut special = Game::new(1);
        special.ball_double = BallDoubleState::Active;
        special.multiball_state = MultiballState::Ready;
        special.record_contacts[148] = 2;
        special.drain(&mut Vec::new());
        assert_eq!(special.ball_double, BallDoubleState::Active);
        assert_eq!(special.ball.position, vec2(17.0, 23.0));
    }

    #[test]
    fn tilted_collision_dispatch_leaves_rule_records_unchanged() {
        let mut game = Game::new(1);
        game.tilted = true;
        let mut events = Vec::new();

        game.apply_wall_rule(90, &mut events);
        game.apply_wall_rule(84, &mut events);

        assert!(game.object_active[90]);
        assert_eq!(game.target_effect, 0);
        assert!(!game.effect_target_active());
        assert_eq!(game.player().score, 0);
        assert!(events.is_empty());
    }

    #[test]
    fn tilted_type_three_completion_finishes_or_special_respawns() {
        let mut lock = Game::new(1);
        lock.tilted = true;
        lock.ball.in_launcher = false;
        lock.ball.position = LOCK_HOLES[0].center;
        lock.ball.velocity = Vec2::ZERO;
        lock.ball.capture_age = 300;
        let mut lock_events = Vec::new();
        assert_eq!(
            lock.check_sensor_objects(
                MilliVec::from_position(LOCK_HOLES[0].center),
                MilliVec::default(),
                &mut lock_events,
            ),
            BallAction::Finish
        );
        assert_eq!(lock.player().balls, 2);
        assert_eq!(lock.player().secondary_score, 10_000);
        assert!(lock.ball.in_launcher);
        assert!(!lock.tilted);
        assert!(lock_events.contains(&Event::Drain));
        assert!(!lock_events.contains(&Event::Sound(2008)));

        let mut special = Game::new(1);
        special.tilted = true;
        special.ball.in_launcher = false;
        special.ball.position = SPECIAL_HOLE_SENSOR.center;
        special.ball.velocity = Vec2::ZERO;
        special.ball.capture_age = 300;
        let balls = special.player().balls;
        let mut special_events = Vec::new();
        assert_eq!(
            special.check_sensor_objects(
                MilliVec::from_position(SPECIAL_HOLE_SENSOR.center),
                MilliVec::default(),
                &mut special_events,
            ),
            BallAction::Finish
        );
        assert_eq!(special.player().balls, balls);
        assert_eq!(special.ball.position, vec2(17.0, 23.0));
        assert!(special.tilted);
        assert_eq!(special.multiball_state, MultiballState::Unavailable);
        assert_eq!(special.record_contacts[148], 0);
        assert!(!special_events.contains(&Event::Drain));
        assert!(
            !special_events
                .iter()
                .any(|event| event.sound_resource().is_some())
        );
    }

    #[test]
    fn recovered_target_banks_deactivate_and_rearm_their_line_groups() {
        let mut game = Game::new(1);
        let mut events = Vec::new();

        for object_id in [90, 93, 96, 99] {
            game.apply_wall_rule(object_id, &mut events);
        }
        assert!(game.bank_target_lit(90));
        assert!(game.bank_target_lit(99));
        assert!(!game.bank_target_lit(102));
        game.apply_wall_rule(102, &mut events);
        assert_eq!(game.player().bumper_value, 2_000);
        assert!(game.object_active[90..=104].iter().all(|active| *active));
        assert!(!game.bank_target_lit(90));

        for object_id in [109, 112, 115] {
            game.apply_wall_rule(object_id, &mut events);
        }
        assert!(game.bank_target_lit(109));
        assert!(game.bank_target_lit(115));
        assert!(!game.bank_target_lit(118));
        game.apply_wall_rule(118, &mut events);
        assert_eq!(game.player().diamond_segments, 1);
        assert!(game.object_active[109..=120].iter().all(|active| *active));
        assert!(!game.bank_target_lit(109));
    }

    #[test]
    fn effect_selector_activates_and_consumes_record_149() {
        let mut game = Game::new_with_seed(1, 7);
        let mut events = Vec::new();
        game.apply_wall_rule(84, &mut events);

        assert!((1..=6).contains(&game.target_effect));
        assert!(game.effect_target_active());
        game.target_effect = 3;
        assert_eq!(game.player_effect(), 3);
        game.ball.in_launcher = false;
        game.ball.position = EFFECT_SENSOR.center;
        game.check_sensor_objects(
            MilliVec::from_position(EFFECT_SENSOR.center),
            MilliVec::default(),
            &mut events,
        );

        assert_eq!(game.player().secondary_score, 50_000);
        assert_eq!(game.secondary_score_display(), 50_000);
        assert_eq!(game.player().score, 2_000);
        assert_eq!(game.target_effect, 0);
        assert_eq!(game.player_effect(), 0);
        assert!(!game.effect_target_active());
    }

    #[test]
    fn media_extra_balls_use_the_recovered_threshold_table() {
        let mut game = Game::new(1);
        let mut events = Vec::new();

        for (expected_level, threshold) in [140_000, 650_000, 1_300_000, 4_000_000]
            .into_iter()
            .enumerate()
        {
            game.players[0].score = threshold - 1;
            assert_eq!(usize::from(game.player().media_level), expected_level);

            game.add_score(1, &mut events);
            assert_eq!(usize::from(game.player().media_level), expected_level + 1);
        }
        assert_eq!(game.player().extra_balls, 4);
        assert_eq!(
            events
                .iter()
                .filter(|event| **event == Event::ExtraBall)
                .count(),
            4
        );
        assert_eq!(
            events
                .iter()
                .filter_map(|event| event.sound_resource())
                .collect::<Vec<_>>(),
            [2007; 4]
        );

        let mut wrapped = Game::new(1);
        wrapped.players[0].score = 0x8000_0000;
        let mut wrapped_events = Vec::new();
        wrapped.add_score(0, &mut wrapped_events);
        assert_eq!(wrapped.player().media_level, 0);
        assert_eq!(wrapped.player().extra_balls, 0);
        assert!(wrapped_events.is_empty());
    }

    #[test]
    fn type_four_hit_sound_precedes_a_crossed_media_marker() {
        let mut target_game = Game::new_with_seed(1, 7);
        target_game.players[0].score = 139_500;
        let sensor = TARGET_SENSORS
            .into_iter()
            .find(|sensor| sensor.id == 150)
            .expect("record 150 must be present");
        let mut target_ball = target_game.ball;
        target_ball.position = sensor.center;
        let mut target_events = Vec::new();
        target_game.check_target_sensors(
            &mut target_ball,
            MilliVec::from_position(sensor.center),
            MilliVec::default(),
            150..=152,
            &mut target_events,
        );
        assert_eq!(
            target_events,
            [
                Event::Target,
                Event::Sound(2004),
                Event::Media,
                Event::ExtraBall,
                Event::Sound(2007),
            ]
        );

        let mut effect_game = Game::new_with_seed(1, 7);
        effect_game.players[0].score = 139_500;
        effect_game.begin_effect_scenario(1);
        let mut effect_ball = effect_game.ball;
        effect_ball.position = EFFECT_SENSOR.center;
        let mut effect_events = Vec::new();
        effect_game.check_effect_sensor(
            &mut effect_ball,
            1,
            MilliVec::from_position(EFFECT_SENSOR.center),
            MilliVec::default(),
            &mut effect_events,
        );
        assert_eq!(
            effect_events,
            [
                Event::Target,
                Event::Sound(2004),
                Event::Media,
                Event::ExtraBall,
                Event::Sound(2007),
            ]
        );
    }

    #[test]
    fn type_four_motion_response_refreshes_the_remaining_prediction() {
        let sensor = TARGET_SENSORS
            .into_iter()
            .find(|sensor| sensor.id == 150)
            .expect("record 150 must be present");
        let mut game = Game::new_with_seed(1, 7);
        game.object_active.fill(false);
        game.object_active[usize::from(sensor.id)] = true;
        let old_position = MilliVec::from_position(sensor.center - vec2(1.0, 0.0));
        let mut ball = Ball {
            position: old_position.to_position(),
            velocity: MilliVec { x: 100, y: 0 }.to_velocity_per_second(),
            in_launcher: false,
            spin: Real48::ZERO,
            capture_age: 0,
        };
        let initial_velocity = MilliVec::from_velocity_per_second(ball.velocity);
        let mut velocity = initial_velocity;
        let mut events = Vec::new();

        let (_, _, predicted) = game.scan_ordered_records_for_ball(
            &mut ball,
            1,
            1,
            old_position,
            &mut velocity,
            &mut events,
        );

        let updated_velocity = MilliVec::from_velocity_per_second(ball.velocity);
        assert_ne!(updated_velocity, initial_velocity);
        assert_eq!(predicted, old_position.add(updated_velocity));
    }

    #[test]
    fn bumper_sound_precedes_a_crossed_media_marker() {
        let mut game = Game::new(1);
        game.players[0].score = 139_000;
        let mut events = Vec::new();

        game.apply_bumper_rule(51, true, &mut events);

        assert_eq!(game.record_countdown(51), 5);
        assert_eq!(game.player().score, 140_000);
        assert_eq!(
            events,
            [
                Event::Bumper,
                Event::Sound(2006),
                Event::Media,
                Event::ExtraBall,
                Event::Sound(2007),
            ]
        );
    }

    #[test]
    fn bank_completion_sounds_precede_crossed_media_markers() {
        let mut bumper_bank = Game::new(1);
        bumper_bank.players[0].score = 90_000;
        bumper_bank.players[0].bumper_value = 6_000;
        for object_id in [90, 93, 96, 99] {
            bumper_bank.object_active[object_id] = false;
        }
        let mut bumper_events = Vec::new();
        bumper_bank.apply_wall_rule(102, &mut bumper_events);
        assert_eq!(bumper_bank.player().score, 141_500);
        assert_eq!(
            bumper_events
                .iter()
                .filter_map(|event| event.sound_resource())
                .collect::<Vec<_>>(),
            [2012, 2017, 2007]
        );

        let mut diamond_bank = Game::new(1);
        diamond_bank.players[0].score = 130_000;
        for object_id in [109, 112, 115] {
            diamond_bank.object_active[object_id] = false;
        }
        let mut diamond_events = Vec::new();
        diamond_bank.apply_wall_rule(118, &mut diamond_events);
        assert_eq!(diamond_bank.player().score, 141_500);
        assert_eq!(
            diamond_events
                .iter()
                .filter_map(|event| event.sound_resource())
                .collect::<Vec<_>>(),
            [2012, 2017, 2007]
        );
    }

    #[test]
    fn special_hole_arms_effect_seven_multiball() {
        let mut game = Game::new_with_seed(1, 7);
        let mut events = Vec::new();
        game.multiball_state = MultiballState::Ready;
        game.record_contacts[148] = 2;
        game.apply_wall_rule(84, &mut events);
        assert_eq!(game.target_effect, 7);

        game.ball.in_launcher = false;
        game.ball.position = EFFECT_SENSOR.center;
        game.check_sensor_objects(
            MilliVec::from_position(EFFECT_SENSOR.center),
            MilliVec::default(),
            &mut events,
        );
        let spawned = game
            .secondary_ball
            .expect("effect seven should spawn a second ball");
        assert_eq!(game.multiball_state, MultiballState::Active);
        assert!(!game.special_hole_active());
        assert_eq!(spawned.position, vec2(17.0, 23.0));
        assert_eq!(
            MilliVec::from_velocity_per_second(spawned.velocity),
            MilliVec { x: 0, y: 3_040 }
        );

        game.advance_secondary_ball(&mut events);
        let moving_ball = game
            .secondary_ball
            .expect("second ball should remain active");
        assert!(moving_ball.position.y > spawned.position.y);

        let balls_before = game.player().balls;
        game.drain(&mut events);
        assert!(game.secondary_ball.is_none());
        assert_eq!(game.player().balls, balls_before);
        assert_eq!(game.ball.position, moving_ball.position);

        events.clear();
        game.drain(&mut events);
        assert!(events.is_empty());
        assert_eq!(game.player().balls, balls_before);
        assert_eq!(game.ball.position, vec2(17.0, 23.0));
        assert_eq!(
            MilliVec::from_velocity_per_second(game.ball.velocity),
            MilliVec { x: 0, y: 3_040 }
        );
        assert_eq!(game.multiball_state, MultiballState::Unavailable);
        assert!(!game.special_hole_active());
        assert_eq!(game.record_contacts[148], 0);
        assert_eq!(game.special_hole_gate, SpecialHoleGate::Suppressed);

        game.fixed_update(&mut events);
        assert!(!game.ball.in_launcher);
        assert_eq!(
            MilliVec::from_position(game.ball.position),
            MilliVec {
                x: 17_000,
                y: 26_055,
            }
        );
        assert_eq!(
            MilliVec::from_velocity_per_second(game.ball.velocity),
            MilliVec { x: 0, y: 3_055 }
        );
        assert_eq!(game.special_hole_gate, SpecialHoleGate::Suppressed);

        game.ball.position = vec2(17.0, 31.0);
        game.ball.velocity = Vec2::ZERO;
        game.fixed_update(&mut events);
        assert_eq!(game.special_hole_gate, SpecialHoleGate::Enabled);
    }

    #[test]
    fn release_ball_consumes_the_special_hole_and_does_not_rearm_it() {
        let mut game = Game::new_with_seed(1, 7);
        let mut events = Vec::new();
        game.multiball_state = MultiballState::Ready;
        game.record_contacts[148] = 2;
        game.apply_wall_rule(84, &mut events);
        assert_eq!(game.target_effect, 7);
        assert!(game.special_hole_active());

        game.ball.in_launcher = false;
        game.ball.position = EFFECT_SENSOR.center;
        game.check_sensor_objects(
            MilliVec::from_position(EFFECT_SENSOR.center),
            MilliVec::default(),
            &mut events,
        );
        assert!(game.secondary_ball.is_some());
        assert_eq!(game.target_effect, 0);
        assert!(!game.special_hole_active());

        for _ in 0..4 {
            game.advance_secondary_ball(&mut events);
        }
        assert_eq!(game.record_contacts[148], 0);
        game.drain(&mut events);
        assert!(game.secondary_ball.is_none());
        game.drain(&mut events);
        assert!(game.ball.in_launcher);
        assert_eq!(game.player().balls, 2);
        assert_eq!(game.multiball_state, MultiballState::Unavailable);

        events.clear();
        game.apply_wall_rule(84, &mut events);
        assert!((1..=6).contains(&game.target_effect));
        assert!(game.effect_target_active());

        game.target_effect = 7;
        game.trigger_flags[usize::from(EFFECT_SENSOR.id)] = false;
        game.ball.position = EFFECT_SENSOR.center;
        game.check_sensor_objects(
            MilliVec::from_position(EFFECT_SENSOR.center),
            MilliVec::default(),
            &mut events,
        );
        assert!(game.secondary_ball.is_none());
    }

    #[test]
    fn record_two_response_continues_after_special_respawn_like_live_original() {
        let mut game = Game::new(1);
        game.multiball_state = MultiballState::Active;
        game.record_contacts[148] = 2;
        game.ball.in_launcher = false;
        game.ball.position = vec2(157.0, 453.0);
        game.ball.velocity = MilliVec { x: 0, y: 3_000 }.to_velocity_per_second();

        assert!(game.fixed_update(&mut Vec::new()));

        assert_eq!(
            MilliVec::from_position(game.ball.position),
            MilliVec {
                x: 16_698,
                y: 21_191,
            }
        );
        assert_eq!(
            MilliVec::from_velocity_per_second(game.ball.velocity),
            MilliVec { x: -302, y: -1_809 }
        );
        assert_eq!(game.multiball_state, MultiballState::Unavailable);
        assert_eq!(game.special_hole_gate, SpecialHoleGate::Suppressed);
    }

    #[test]
    fn armed_effect_seven_also_special_respawns_before_multiball_starts() {
        let mut game = Game::new(1);
        game.multiball_state = MultiballState::Ready;
        game.record_contacts[148] = 2;
        let balls = game.player().balls;
        let mut events = Vec::new();

        game.drain(&mut events);

        assert!(events.is_empty());
        assert_eq!(game.player().balls, balls);
        assert_eq!(game.ball.position, vec2(17.0, 23.0));
        assert_eq!(game.multiball_state, MultiballState::Unavailable);
        assert_eq!(game.record_contacts[148], 0);
        assert_eq!(game.special_hole_gate, SpecialHoleGate::Suppressed);
    }

    #[test]
    fn second_ball_runs_the_same_type_four_rule_dispatch() {
        let sensor = TARGET_SENSORS
            .into_iter()
            .find(|sensor| sensor.id == 150)
            .expect("record 150 must be present");
        let mut game = Game::new_with_seed(1, 7);
        let primary_velocity = game.ball.velocity;
        let mut second = Ball {
            position: sensor.center,
            velocity: vec2(12.0, -34.0),
            in_launcher: false,
            spin: Real48::ZERO,
            capture_age: 0,
        };
        let old_position = MilliVec::from_position(sensor.center - vec2(sensor.radius + 1.0, 0.0));
        let current_position = MilliVec::from_position(sensor.center);
        let movement = MilliVec {
            x: current_position.x.wrapping_sub(old_position.x),
            y: current_position.y.wrapping_sub(old_position.y),
        };
        let mut events = Vec::new();

        assert_eq!(
            game.check_sensor_objects_for_ball(
                &mut second,
                2,
                2,
                old_position,
                movement,
                &mut events,
            )
            .action,
            BallAction::Keep
        );

        assert!(game.top_targets[0]);
        assert!(game.magnetic_field_active(153));
        assert_eq!(game.player().score, sensor.score);
        assert_eq!(game.ball.velocity, primary_velocity);
        assert_ne!(second.velocity, vec2(12.0, -34.0));
    }

    #[test]
    fn ball_two_consumes_effect_seven_without_spawning_a_third_ball() {
        let mut game = Game::new_with_seed(1, 7);
        game.multiball_state = MultiballState::Ready;
        game.target_effect = 7;
        game.object_active[usize::from(EFFECT_SENSOR.id)] = true;
        let mut second = Ball {
            position: EFFECT_SENSOR.center,
            velocity: Vec2::ZERO,
            in_launcher: false,
            spin: Real48::ZERO,
            capture_age: 0,
        };
        let mut events = Vec::new();

        assert_eq!(
            game.check_sensor_objects_for_ball(
                &mut second,
                2,
                2,
                MilliVec::from_position(EFFECT_SENSOR.center),
                MilliVec::default(),
                &mut events,
            )
            .action,
            BallAction::Keep
        );

        assert!(game.secondary_ball.is_none());
        assert_eq!(game.multiball_state, MultiballState::Ready);
        assert_eq!(game.target_effect, 0);
        assert!(!game.effect_target_active());
    }

    #[test]
    fn rearmed_effect_seven_does_not_replace_an_active_secondary_ball() {
        let mut game = Game::new_with_seed(1, 7);
        game.multiball_state = MultiballState::Active;
        game.target_effect = 7;
        game.object_active[usize::from(EFFECT_SENSOR.id)] = true;
        let secondary = Ball {
            position: vec2(200.0, 200.0),
            velocity: vec2(-12.0, 34.0),
            in_launcher: false,
            spin: Real48::ZERO,
            capture_age: 0,
        };
        game.secondary_ball = Some(secondary);
        let mut primary = game.ball;
        let mut events = Vec::new();

        assert_eq!(
            game.check_sensor_objects_for_ball(
                &mut primary,
                1,
                2,
                MilliVec::from_position(EFFECT_SENSOR.center),
                MilliVec::default(),
                &mut events,
            )
            .action,
            BallAction::Keep
        );

        assert_eq!(
            game.secondary_ball.map(|ball| ball.position),
            Some(secondary.position)
        );
        assert_eq!(game.multiball_state, MultiballState::Active);
        assert_eq!(game.target_effect, 0);
    }

    #[test]
    fn multiball_capture_age_is_per_slot_and_removes_only_ball_two() {
        let sensor = LOCK_HOLES[0];
        let mut game = Game::new(1);
        game.ball.capture_age = 17;
        game.record_contacts[usize::from(sensor.id)] = 2;
        game.secondary_ball = Some(Ball {
            position: sensor.center,
            velocity: Vec2::ZERO,
            in_launcher: false,
            spin: Real48::ZERO,
            capture_age: 300,
        });
        game.score_mode = ScoreMode::Multiball;
        let mut events = Vec::new();

        game.advance_secondary_ball(&mut events);

        assert!(game.secondary_ball.is_none());
        assert_eq!(game.score_mode, ScoreMode::Multiball);
        assert_eq!(game.ball.capture_age, 17);
        assert_eq!(game.record_contacts[usize::from(sensor.id)], 99);
        assert!(game.wheel_holes[0]);
        assert!(events.contains(&Event::Lock));

        game.timer_tick(0.0, 0, &mut events);
        assert_eq!(game.score_mode, ScoreMode::Normal);
    }

    #[test]
    fn captured_ball_one_keeps_multiball_scoring_for_ball_two_slot_pass() {
        let sensor = LOCK_HOLES[0];
        let mut game = Game::new_with_seed(1, 7);
        game.ball.in_launcher = false;
        game.ball.position = sensor.center;
        game.ball.velocity = Vec2::ZERO;
        game.ball.capture_age = 300;
        game.record_contacts[usize::from(sensor.id)] = 1;
        game.secondary_ball = Some(Ball {
            position: EFFECT_SENSOR.center,
            velocity: Vec2::ZERO,
            in_launcher: false,
            spin: Real48::ZERO,
            capture_age: 0,
        });
        game.target_effect = 1;
        game.object_active[usize::from(EFFECT_SENSOR.id)] = true;
        game.score_mode = ScoreMode::Multiball;
        let mut events = Vec::new();

        game.timer_tick(0.01, 1, &mut events);

        assert!(game.secondary_ball.is_none());
        assert_eq!(game.player().score, 1_000);
        assert_eq!(game.player().secondary_score, 20_000);
        assert_eq!(game.score_mode, ScoreMode::Multiball);

        game.timer_tick(0.0, 0, &mut events);
        assert_eq!(game.score_mode, ScoreMode::Normal);
    }

    #[test]
    fn active_multiball_advances_the_returning_claw_while_both_balls_live() {
        let mut game = Game::new(1);
        game.claw.active = true;
        game.claw.frame = 1;
        game.claw.target_frame = 10;
        game.claw.bank = ClawSpriteBank::Opening;
        game.claw.frame_accumulator = 0.0;
        game.claw.ball_suspended = true;
        game.claw.captured_slot = Some(ClawBallSlot::Primary);
        game.score_mode = ScoreMode::Multiball;
        let mut events = Vec::new();

        game.update_claw(CLAW_FRAME_SECONDS, &mut events);
        assert_eq!(game.claw.frame, 2);
    }

    #[test]
    fn capturing_ball_one_during_multiball_promotes_ball_two() {
        let sensor = LOCK_HOLES[0];
        let mut game = Game::new(1);
        game.ball.in_launcher = false;
        game.ball.position = sensor.center;
        game.ball.velocity = Vec2::ZERO;
        game.ball.capture_age = 300;
        game.record_contacts[usize::from(sensor.id)] = 1;
        let survivor = Ball {
            position: vec2(210.0, 240.0),
            velocity: vec2(-12.0, 34.0),
            in_launcher: false,
            spin: Real48::ZERO,
            capture_age: 23,
        };
        game.secondary_ball = Some(survivor);
        let mut events = Vec::new();

        game.check_sensor_objects(
            MilliVec::from_position(sensor.center),
            MilliVec::default(),
            &mut events,
        );

        assert!(game.secondary_ball.is_none());
        assert_eq!(game.ball.position, survivor.position);
        assert_eq!(game.ball.velocity, survivor.velocity);
        assert_eq!(game.ball.capture_age, survivor.capture_age);
        assert_eq!(game.record_contacts[usize::from(sensor.id)], 99);
        assert!(game.wheel_holes[0]);
    }

    #[test]
    fn occupied_multiball_wheel_hole_rejects_the_surviving_ball() {
        let sensor = LOCK_HOLES[0];
        let mut game = Game::new(1);
        game.ball.in_launcher = false;
        game.ball.position = sensor.center;
        game.ball.velocity = Vec2::ZERO;
        game.ball.capture_age = 300;
        game.record_contacts[usize::from(sensor.id)] = 99;
        game.wheel_holes[0] = true;
        let mut events = Vec::new();

        let action = game.check_sensor_objects(
            MilliVec::from_position(sensor.center),
            MilliVec::default(),
            &mut events,
        );

        assert_eq!(action, BallAction::Keep);
        assert_eq!(game.record_contacts[usize::from(sensor.id)], 99);
        assert_eq!(game.player().secondary_score, 0);
        assert!(!events.contains(&Event::Lock));
        assert!(!game.ball.in_launcher);
    }

    #[test]
    fn center_drain_advances_to_a_fresh_ball() {
        let mut game = Game::new(1);
        game.ball.in_launcher = false;
        game.ball.position = vec2(157.0, 450.0);
        game.ball.velocity = vec2(0.0, 300.0);

        let events = game.update(1.0 / 30.0, 5, Controls::default());

        assert!(events.contains(&Event::Drain));
        assert_eq!(game.players[0].balls, 2);
        assert!(game.ball.in_launcher);
    }

    #[test]
    fn four_sided_prediction_bounds_finish_the_ball_before_record_scan() {
        for (position, velocity) in [
            (vec2(1.0, 200.0), MilliVec { x: -2_000, y: 0 }),
            (vec2(339.0, 200.0), MilliVec { x: 2_000, y: 0 }),
            (vec2(200.0, 1.0), MilliVec { x: 0, y: -2_000 }),
            (vec2(200.0, 459.0), MilliVec { x: 0, y: 2_000 }),
        ] {
            let mut game = Game::new(1);
            game.object_active.fill(false);
            game.ball.in_launcher = false;
            game.ball.position = position;
            game.ball.velocity = velocity.to_velocity_per_second();
            let mut events = Vec::new();

            assert!(game.fixed_update(&mut events));

            assert!(game.ball.in_launcher);
            assert_eq!(game.player().balls, 2);
            assert!(events.contains(&Event::Drain));
        }
    }

    #[test]
    fn prediction_bounds_remove_only_the_escaping_multiball_slot() {
        let mut game = Game::new(1);
        game.object_active.fill(false);
        game.ball.in_launcher = false;
        game.ball.position = vec2(200.0, 200.0);
        let second = Ball {
            position: vec2(1.0, 200.0),
            velocity: MilliVec { x: -2_000, y: 0 }.to_velocity_per_second(),
            in_launcher: false,
            spin: Real48::ZERO,
            capture_age: 0,
        };
        game.secondary_ball = Some(second);
        game.score_mode = ScoreMode::Multiball;

        assert!(game.advance_secondary_ball(&mut Vec::new()));

        assert!(game.secondary_ball.is_none());
        assert_eq!(game.player().balls, 3);
        assert_eq!(game.score_mode, ScoreMode::Normal);
    }

    #[test]
    fn player_turns_save_and_restore_all_rule_record_state() {
        let mut game = Game::new(2);
        game.wheel_holes[2] = true;
        game.top_targets[1] = true;
        game.record_contacts[129] = 99;
        game.trigger_flags[149] = true;
        game.object_active[90] = false;
        game.target_effect = 3;

        game.drain(&mut Vec::new());
        assert_eq!(game.current_player, 1);
        assert_eq!(game.wheel_holes, [false; 5]);
        assert_eq!(game.top_targets, [false; 3]);
        assert_eq!(game.record_contacts[129], 0);
        assert!(!game.trigger_flags[149]);
        assert!(game.object_active[90]);
        assert_eq!(game.target_effect, 0);
        assert_eq!(game.multiball_state, MultiballState::Unavailable);

        game.wheel_holes[4] = true;
        game.drain(&mut Vec::new());
        assert_eq!(game.current_player, 0);
        assert!(game.wheel_holes[2]);
        assert!(!game.wheel_holes[4]);
        assert!(game.top_targets[1]);
        assert_eq!(game.record_contacts[129], 99);
        assert!(!game.trigger_flags[149]);
        assert!(!game.object_active[90]);
        assert_eq!(game.target_effect, 3);
        assert_eq!(game.multiball_state, MultiballState::Unavailable);
    }

    #[test]
    fn each_player_reports_a_high_score_candidate_on_their_last_ball() {
        let mut game = Game::new(2);
        game.players[0].balls = 1;
        game.players[0].score = 123_456;
        let mut events = Vec::new();

        game.drain(&mut events);
        assert!(events.contains(&Event::HighScoreCandidate(123_456)));
        assert_eq!(game.current_player, 1);
        assert!(!game.finished);

        events.clear();
        game.players[1].balls = 1;
        game.players[1].score = 654_321;
        game.drain(&mut events);
        assert!(events.contains(&Event::HighScoreCandidate(654_321)));
        assert!(game.finished);
    }

    #[test]
    fn fast_ball_cannot_tunnel_through_the_top_rail() {
        let mut game = Game::new(1);
        game.ball.in_launcher = false;
        game.ball.position = vec2(270.0, 30.0);
        game.ball.velocity = vec2(0.0, -380.0);

        for _ in 0..5 {
            game.fixed_update(&mut Vec::new());
        }

        assert!(game.ball.position.y >= 15.0);
        assert!(game.ball.velocity.y > 0.0);
    }

    #[test]
    fn relative_record_57_matches_live_two_substep_transition() {
        let mut game = Game::new(1);
        game.ball.in_launcher = false;
        game.ball.position = vec2(72.530, 354.750);
        game.ball.velocity = MilliVec { x: 3_000, y: 0 }.to_velocity_per_second();
        let mut events = Vec::new();

        assert!(!game.fixed_update(&mut events));
        assert_eq!(
            MilliVec::from_position(game.ball.position),
            MilliVec {
                x: 75_530,
                y: 354_765,
            }
        );
        assert_eq!(
            MilliVec::from_velocity_per_second(game.ball.velocity),
            MilliVec { x: 3_000, y: 15 }
        );

        assert!(game.fixed_update(&mut events));
        assert_eq!(game.last_collision_id, Some(57));
        assert_eq!(game.ball.spin.bytes(), [0x83, 0x5d, 0x8f, 0xc2, 0xf5, 0xa8]);
        assert_eq!(
            MilliVec::from_position(game.ball.position),
            MilliVec {
                x: 77_369,
                y: 356_597,
            }
        );
        assert_eq!(
            MilliVec::from_velocity_per_second(game.ball.velocity),
            MilliVec { x: 1_839, y: 1_832 }
        );
    }

    #[test]
    fn relative_record_72_matches_live_two_substep_transition() {
        let mut game = Game::new(1);
        game.ball.in_launcher = false;
        game.ball.position = vec2(238.348, 356.810);
        game.ball.velocity = MilliVec { x: -3_000, y: 0 }.to_velocity_per_second();
        let mut events = Vec::new();

        assert!(!game.fixed_update(&mut events));
        assert_eq!(
            MilliVec::from_position(game.ball.position),
            MilliVec {
                x: 235_348,
                y: 356_825,
            }
        );
        assert_eq!(
            MilliVec::from_velocity_per_second(game.ball.velocity),
            MilliVec { x: -3_000, y: 15 }
        );

        assert!(game.fixed_update(&mut events));
        assert_eq!(game.last_collision_id, Some(72));
        assert_eq!(game.ball.spin.bytes(), [0x83, 0x86, 0xeb, 0x51, 0xb8, 0x2e]);
        assert_eq!(
            MilliVec::from_position(game.ball.position),
            MilliVec {
                x: 233_253,
                y: 358_494,
            }
        );
        assert_eq!(
            MilliVec::from_velocity_per_second(game.ball.velocity),
            MilliVec {
                x: -2_095,
                y: 1_669
            }
        );
    }

    #[test]
    fn retained_collision_candidate_clears_the_slot_capture_age() {
        let mut game = Game::new(1);
        game.ball.in_launcher = false;
        game.ball.position = vec2(270.0, 30.0);
        game.ball.velocity = vec2(0.0, -380.0);
        game.ball.capture_age = 42;

        for _ in 0..5 {
            if game.fixed_update(&mut Vec::new()) {
                break;
            }
        }

        assert_eq!(game.ball.capture_age, 0);
    }

    #[test]
    fn collision_scan_selects_the_layer_from_the_previous_y_position() {
        let mut game = Game::new(1);
        game.object_active.fill(false);
        game.object_active[48] = true;
        let velocity = MilliVec { x: 0, y: -15_000 };

        assert_eq!(
            game.find_static_collision_candidate(
                MilliVec {
                    x: 25_000,
                    y: 249_000,
                },
                velocity,
            )
            .map(|collision| collision.0),
            Some(48)
        );
        assert!(
            game.find_static_collision_candidate(
                MilliVec {
                    x: 25_000,
                    y: 250_000,
                },
                velocity,
            )
            .is_none()
        );
        assert!(
            game.find_static_collision_candidate(
                MilliVec {
                    x: 25_000,
                    y: 249_000,
                },
                MilliVec { x: 0, y: -40_000 },
            )
            .is_none(),
            "the original predicted-position broadphase rejects an overshoot"
        );
    }

    #[test]
    fn first_detected_record_wins_even_when_a_later_candidate_is_nearer() {
        let old = MilliVec::default();
        let velocity = MilliVec { x: 10_000, y: 0 };
        let predicted = old.add(velocity);
        let material = CollisionMaterial::line(0.6, 0.1);
        let first = line_collision_candidate_at(
            old,
            predicted,
            velocity,
            vec2(8.0, 1.0),
            vec2(8.0, -1.0),
            material,
        )
        .expect("the first record must detect the farther rail");
        let later = line_collision_candidate_at(
            old,
            predicted,
            velocity,
            vec2(2.0, 1.0),
            vec2(2.0, -1.0),
            material,
        )
        .expect("the later record must detect the nearer rail");
        assert!(later.surface_distance < first.surface_distance);
        let mut retained = None;

        retain_first_collision(&mut retained, (10, true, first));
        retain_first_collision(&mut retained, (20, true, later));

        let retained = retained.expect("one candidate must remain");
        assert_eq!(retained.0, 10);
        assert_eq!(retained.2.surface_distance, 8_000);
    }

    #[test]
    fn bumper_base_score_and_kick_require_the_recovered_speed_threshold() {
        let mut weak = Game::new(1);
        weak.object_active.fill(false);
        weak.object_active[51] = true;
        weak.players[0].bumper_value = 2_000;
        weak.ball.in_launcher = false;
        weak.ball.position = vec2(165.0, 171.1);
        weak.ball.velocity = vec2(0.0, -20.0);
        let mut weak_events = Vec::new();
        assert!(weak.fixed_update(&mut weak_events));

        let mut fast = Game::new(1);
        fast.object_active.fill(false);
        fast.object_active[51] = true;
        fast.players[0].bumper_value = 2_000;
        fast.ball.in_launcher = false;
        fast.ball.position = vec2(165.0, 172.015);
        fast.ball.velocity = vec2(0.0, -198.5);
        let mut tilted = fast.clone();
        tilted.tilted = true;
        let mut fast_events = Vec::new();
        assert!(fast.fixed_update(&mut fast_events));
        let mut tilted_events = Vec::new();
        assert!(tilted.fixed_update(&mut tilted_events));

        assert_eq!(weak.player().score, 1_000);
        assert_eq!(fast.player().score, 2_000);
        assert!(weak_events.contains(&Event::Sound(2006)));
        assert!(fast_events.contains(&Event::Sound(2006)));
        assert_eq!(weak.record_countdown(51), 5);
        assert_eq!(fast.record_countdown(51), 5);
        assert!(fast.ball.velocity.y > weak.ball.velocity.y);
        assert_eq!(tilted.player().score, 0);
        assert_eq!(tilted.record_countdown(51), 0);
        assert!(!tilted_events.contains(&Event::Sound(2006)));
        assert!(fast.ball.velocity.y > tilted.ball.velocity.y);
    }

    #[test]
    fn tilt_latches_and_disables_flippers_and_scoring() {
        let mut game = Game::new_with_seed(1, 7);
        assert!(launch_ball(&mut game, 1).contains(&Event::Launch));
        game.players[0].secondary_score = 4_000;
        for _ in 0..2 {
            game.update(
                0.0,
                3,
                Controls {
                    nudge: Nudge::Right,
                    ..Controls::default()
                },
            );
        }
        assert!(game.tilted);
        assert_eq!(game.player().secondary_score, 4_000);

        game.flippers.left_raised = true;
        game.flippers.right_raised = true;
        let score = game.player().score;
        game.ball.in_launcher = false;
        game.ball.position = vec2(201.0, 285.0);
        game.ball.velocity = Vec2::ZERO;
        game.update(
            1.0 / 30.0,
            5,
            Controls {
                left_flipper: true,
                right_flipper: true,
                ..Controls::default()
            },
        );

        assert!(!game.flippers.left_raised);
        assert!(!game.flippers.right_raised);
        assert_eq!(game.player().score, score);
    }

    #[test]
    fn flippers_use_the_recovered_binary_positions() {
        let mut game = Game::new(1);
        let wall = |id| {
            WALLS
                .iter()
                .find(|wall| wall.id == id)
                .expect("flipper wall exists")
                .segment
        };
        let left_leading = game.live_wall_segment(66, wall(66));
        let right_leading = game.live_wall_segment(81, wall(81));
        assert_eq!(
            (left_leading.start, left_leading.end),
            (vec2(112.0, 386.0), vec2(141.0, 413.0))
        );
        assert_eq!(
            (right_leading.start, right_leading.end),
            (vec2(216.0, 411.0), vec2(177.0, 427.0))
        );

        let events = game.update(
            0.030,
            3,
            Controls {
                left_flipper: true,
                right_flipper: true,
                ..Controls::default()
            },
        );
        assert_eq!(
            events
                .iter()
                .filter(|event| **event == Event::FlipperMove)
                .count(),
            2
        );
        let left_leading = game.live_wall_segment(66, wall(66));
        let left_trailing = game.live_wall_segment(68, wall(68));
        let right_leading = game.live_wall_segment(81, wall(81));
        let right_trailing = game.live_wall_segment(83, wall(83));
        assert_eq!(
            (left_leading.start, left_leading.end),
            (vec2(98.0, 382.0), vec2(131.0, 369.0))
        );
        assert_eq!(
            (left_trailing.start, left_trailing.end),
            (vec2(137.0, 384.0), vec2(116.0, 405.0))
        );
        assert_eq!(
            game.live_circle_center(67, vec2(134.0, 419.0)),
            vec2(133.0, 377.0)
        );
        assert_eq!(
            (right_leading.start, right_leading.end),
            (vec2(197.0, 405.0), vec2(171.0, 378.0))
        );
        assert_eq!(
            (right_trailing.start, right_trailing.end),
            (vec2(183.0, 368.0), vec2(217.0, 383.0))
        );
        assert_eq!(
            game.live_circle_center(82, vec2(179.0, 419.0)),
            vec2(181.0, 376.0)
        );
        assert_eq!(
            game.live_circle_bounds(67, vec2(133.0, 377.0), 9.0),
            (
                MilliVec {
                    x: 118_000,
                    y: 362_000,
                },
                MilliVec {
                    x: 150_000,
                    y: 476_000,
                },
            )
        );
        assert_eq!(
            game.live_circle_bounds(82, vec2(181.0, 376.0), 9.0),
            (
                MilliVec {
                    x: 167_000,
                    y: 362_000,
                },
                MilliVec {
                    x: 191_000,
                    y: 476_000,
                },
            )
        );
    }

    #[test]
    fn raised_flipper_tips_use_their_asymmetric_swept_bounds() {
        for (object_id, center) in [(67_u8, vec2(133.0, 377.0)), (82, vec2(181.0, 376.0))] {
            let mut game = Game::new(1);
            game.object_active.fill(false);
            game.object_active[usize::from(object_id)] = true;
            if object_id == 67 {
                game.flippers.left_raised = true;
            } else {
                game.flippers.right_raised = true;
            }

            let old_position = MilliVec::from_position(vec2(center.x, center.y + 12.0));
            let velocity = MilliVec { x: 0, y: -3_800 };
            // The scanner carries prediction separately from mutable motion;
            // keep this point outside the old radius box while the motion
            // still approaches the tip.
            let predicted = old_position.add(MilliVec { x: 0, y: 4_000 });
            let generic_max_y = MilliVec::from_position(vec2(center.x, center.y + 14.0)).y;
            assert!(predicted.y > generic_max_y);

            assert_eq!(
                game.find_static_collision_candidate_in_range(
                    old_position,
                    predicted,
                    velocity,
                    object_id..=object_id,
                )
                .map(|candidate| candidate.0),
                Some(object_id),
                "the original swept tip bounds must admit the path for record {object_id}"
            );
        }
    }

    #[test]
    fn each_flipper_edge_has_the_recovered_movement_sound() {
        let mut game = Game::new(1);
        let raised = Controls {
            left_flipper: true,
            right_flipper: true,
            ..Controls::default()
        };

        assert!(game.update(0.029, 3, raised).is_empty());
        let press_events = game.update(0.001_1, 3, raised);
        assert_eq!(
            press_events,
            [
                Event::FlipperMove,
                Event::Sound(2021),
                Event::FlipperMove,
                Event::Sound(2021),
            ],
            "each original move_flipper call starts WAVE 2021"
        );
        assert!(game.update(0.030, 3, raised).is_empty());

        let release_events = game.update(0.030, 3, Controls::default());
        assert_eq!(
            release_events,
            [
                Event::FlipperMove,
                Event::Sound(2021),
                Event::FlipperMove,
                Event::Sound(2021),
            ],
            "the original also plays the sound while returning"
        );
        assert_eq!(Event::FlipperMove.sound_resource(), None);
        assert_eq!(Event::Sound(2021).sound_resource(), Some(2021));
    }

    #[test]
    fn raising_flipper_uses_the_reconstructed_moving_response() {
        let mut game = Game::new(1);
        game.ball.in_launcher = false;
        game.ball.position = vec2(125.0, 390.0);
        game.ball.velocity = Vec2::ZERO;
        game.pending_flipper_edges[0] = -1;

        game.apply_flipper_kicks();
        let velocity_after_edge = game.ball.velocity;
        assert_eq!(game.ball.position, vec2(138.124, 355.0));
        let raw_velocity = MilliVec::from_velocity_per_second(velocity_after_edge);
        assert_eq!(
            raw_velocity,
            MilliVec {
                x: 2_209,
                y: -5_891
            }
        );
        assert_eq!(game.pending_flipper_edges, [0, 0]);

        game.apply_flipper_kicks();
        assert_eq!(
            game.ball.velocity, velocity_after_edge,
            "holding a raised flipper must not add another impulse"
        );
    }

    #[test]
    fn returning_flipper_uses_the_raised_record_geometry() {
        let mut game = Game::new(1);
        game.flippers.left_raised = true;
        game.ball.in_launcher = false;
        game.ball.position = vec2(110.0, 410.0);
        game.ball.velocity = vec2(100.0, 200.0);
        let mut events = Vec::new();
        game.timer_tick(0.030, 0, &mut events);

        assert_eq!(events, [Event::FlipperMove, Event::Sound(2021)]);
        let raw_velocity = MilliVec::from_velocity_per_second(game.ball.velocity);
        assert_eq!(raw_velocity, MilliVec { x: 765, y: 3_997 });
        assert_eq!(game.ball.position, vec2(110.380, 411.984));
        assert_eq!(game.pending_flipper_edges, [0, 0]);
    }

    #[test]
    fn recovered_control_sounds_use_the_original_resource_numbers() {
        for resource in [
            2002, 2006, 2007, 2008, 2011, 2012, 2015, 2016, 2019, 2020, 2021,
        ] {
            assert_eq!(Event::Sound(resource).sound_resource(), Some(resource));
        }
        assert_eq!(Event::Launch.sound_resource(), None);
        assert_eq!(Event::Media.sound_resource(), None);
    }

    #[test]
    fn nudge_and_tilt_emit_the_original_ordered_sound_sequence() {
        let mut game = Game::new_with_seed(1, 7);
        game.ball.in_launcher = false;
        let controls = Controls {
            nudge: Nudge::Right,
            ..Controls::default()
        };

        assert_eq!(
            game.update(0.0, 3, controls),
            [Event::Sound(2019), Event::Nudge]
        );
        assert_eq!(
            MilliVec::from_velocity_per_second(game.ball.velocity),
            MilliVec { x: 690, y: 0 }
        );
        assert_eq!(game.tilt_counter, 25);

        game.tilt_counter = 15;
        assert_eq!(
            game.update(0.0, 3, controls),
            [Event::Sound(2019), Event::Tilt, Event::Sound(2020)]
        );
    }

    #[test]
    fn center_nudge_and_tilt_decay_match_the_detail_timer() {
        let mut game = Game::new_with_seed(1, 7);
        let events = game.update(
            0.0,
            3,
            Controls {
                nudge: Nudge::Center,
                ..Controls::default()
            },
        );
        assert_eq!(events, [Event::Sound(2019), Event::Nudge]);
        assert_eq!(
            MilliVec::from_velocity_per_second(game.ball.velocity),
            MilliVec { x: -84, y: -660 }
        );
        assert_eq!(game.tilt_counter, 25);

        game.update(0.029, 3, Controls::default());
        assert_eq!(game.tilt_counter, 25);
        game.update(0.001_1, 3, Controls::default());
        assert_eq!(game.tilt_counter, 24);
    }

    #[test]
    fn tilt_counter_decays_once_per_selected_detail_callback() {
        for (detail, interval) in [(1, 0.050), (2, 0.040), (3, 0.030), (4, 0.020), (5, 0.010)] {
            let mut game = Game::new(1);
            game.tilt_counter = 2;

            game.update(interval - 0.001, detail, Controls::default());
            assert_eq!(
                game.tilt_counter, 2,
                "detail {detail} decayed before its callback"
            );
            game.update(0.001_1, detail, Controls::default());
            assert_eq!(
                game.tilt_counter, 1,
                "detail {detail} did not decay at its callback"
            );
        }
    }

    #[test]
    fn multiball_nudge_consumes_active_draws_then_updates_both_saved_slots() {
        let mut game = Game::new_with_seed(1, 7);
        game.ball.in_launcher = false;
        game.ball.velocity = MilliVec { x: 100, y: 200 }.to_velocity_per_second();
        game.secondary_ball = Some(Ball {
            position: vec2(200.0, 200.0),
            velocity: MilliVec { x: -300, y: 400 }.to_velocity_per_second(),
            in_launcher: false,
            spin: Real48::ZERO,
            capture_age: 0,
        });
        let mut reference = BorlandRandom::new(7);
        let _discarded_active_x = reference.real48();
        let _discarded_active_y = reference.below(20);
        let shared_impulse = MilliVec {
            x: (i32::from(reference.below(21)) - 10) * 15,
            y: -(i32::from(reference.below(100)) + 50) * 15,
        };
        let _tilt_threshold = reference.below(10);

        game.apply_nudge(Nudge::Center, &mut Vec::new());

        assert_eq!(
            MilliVec::from_velocity_per_second(game.ball.velocity),
            MilliVec {
                x: 100 + shared_impulse.x,
                y: 200 + shared_impulse.y,
            }
        );
        let secondary = game.secondary_ball.expect("slot two must remain active");
        assert_eq!(
            MilliVec::from_velocity_per_second(secondary.velocity),
            MilliVec {
                x: -300 + shared_impulse.x,
                y: 400 + shared_impulse.y,
            }
        );
        assert_eq!(game.random.seed(), reference.seed());
    }

    #[test]
    fn claw_sprite_rects_follow_the_recovered_four_row_sheet() {
        let source = |frame, bank| {
            Claw {
                active: true,
                frame,
                bank,
                ..Claw::default()
            }
            .sprite_source()
            .map(|rect| (rect.x, rect.y, rect.w, rect.h))
        };

        assert_eq!(
            source(1, ClawSpriteBank::Closing),
            Some((0.0, 0.0, 100.0, 74.0))
        );
        assert_eq!(
            source(9, ClawSpriteBank::Closing),
            Some((800.0, 0.0, 100.0, 74.0))
        );
        assert_eq!(
            source(10, ClawSpriteBank::Closing),
            Some((0.0, 74.0, 100.0, 74.0))
        );
        assert_eq!(
            source(18, ClawSpriteBank::Closing),
            Some((800.0, 74.0, 100.0, 74.0))
        );
        assert_eq!(
            source(1, ClawSpriteBank::Opening),
            Some((0.0, 148.0, 100.0, 74.0))
        );
        assert_eq!(
            source(18, ClawSpriteBank::Opening),
            Some((800.0, 222.0, 100.0, 74.0))
        );
        assert_eq!(Claw::default().sprite_source(), None);
    }

    #[test]
    fn claw_capture_holds_releases_and_returns_in_original_frame_order() {
        let mut game = Game::new(1);
        game.ball.in_launcher = false;
        game.ball.position = CLAW_TRIGGER_CENTER;
        game.ball.velocity = vec2(120.0, -40.0);
        let held_position = game.ball.position;
        let mut events = Vec::new();

        game.begin_claw_capture(6, &mut events);
        assert_eq!(events, [Event::ClawCapture, Event::Sound(2015)]);
        assert_eq!(game.claw.frame, 10);
        assert_eq!(game.claw.bank, ClawSpriteBank::Closing);
        assert!(game.claw.ball_suspended);
        assert_eq!(game.ball.velocity, Vec2::ZERO);

        game.timer_tick(CLAW_FRAME_SECONDS / 3.0, 0, &mut events);
        assert_eq!(game.ball.position, held_position);
        assert_eq!(game.claw.frame, 10);

        for expected_frame in [9, 8, 7, 6] {
            game.update_claw(CLAW_FRAME_SECONDS, &mut events);
            assert_eq!(game.claw.frame, expected_frame);
            assert!(game.claw.ball_suspended);
        }

        game.update_claw(CLAW_FRAME_SECONDS, &mut events);
        assert!(events.ends_with(&[Event::ClawRelease, Event::Sound(2016)]));
        assert_eq!(game.claw.frame, 6);
        assert_eq!(game.claw.bank, ClawSpriteBank::Opening);
        assert!(!game.claw.ball_suspended);
        assert_eq!(game.ball.position, vec2(270.0, 94.0));
        assert!((game.ball.velocity.x - -152.0).abs() < 0.001);
        assert!((game.ball.velocity.y - 228.0).abs() < 0.001);

        for expected_frame in [7, 8, 9, 10] {
            game.update_claw(CLAW_FRAME_SECONDS, &mut events);
            assert_eq!(game.claw.frame, expected_frame);
            assert!(game.claw.active);
        }
        game.update_claw(CLAW_FRAME_SECONDS, &mut events);
        assert_eq!(game.claw.frame, 10);
        assert!(!game.claw.active);
    }

    #[test]
    fn multiball_claw_capture_keeps_the_ball_and_uses_only_table_releases() {
        let mut game = Game::new_with_seed(1, 7);
        game.ball.in_launcher = false;
        game.ball.position = CLAW_TRIGGER_CENTER;
        game.ball.velocity = Vec2::ZERO;
        game.secondary_ball = Some(Ball {
            position: vec2(210.0, 240.0),
            velocity: vec2(12.0, -34.0),
            in_launcher: false,
            spin: Real48::ZERO,
            capture_age: 0,
        });
        game.object_active.fill(false);
        game.score_mode = ScoreMode::Multiball;
        let claw_position = MilliVec::from_position(CLAW_TRIGGER_CENTER);
        let mut events = Vec::new();

        assert_eq!(
            game.check_sensor_objects(claw_position, MilliVec::default(), &mut events),
            BallAction::Keep
        );
        assert_eq!(game.claw.capture_entry, Some((ClawBallSlot::Primary, true)));

        assert_eq!(
            game.check_sensor_objects(claw_position, MilliVec::default(), &mut events),
            BallAction::Suspend
        );
        assert!(game.claw.active);
        assert!(game.primary_ball_suspended());
        assert!(!game.secondary_ball_suspended());
        assert!(matches!(game.claw.target_frame, 1 | 6 | 7));
        assert_eq!(game.record_contacts[89], 1);

        let survivor_before = game.secondary_ball.expect("survivor must remain").position;
        game.timer_tick(CLAW_FRAME_SECONDS, 1, &mut events);
        assert_ne!(
            game.secondary_ball.expect("survivor must remain").position,
            survivor_before
        );

        while game.claw.active {
            game.update_claw(CLAW_FRAME_SECONDS, &mut events);
        }
        assert!(events.contains(&Event::ClawRelease));
        assert!(!game.primary_ball_suspended());
        assert!(game.secondary_ball.is_some());

        game.ball.position = CLAW_TRIGGER_CENTER + vec2(20.0, 0.0);
        game.ball.velocity = Vec2::ZERO;
        game.ball.capture_age = 0;
        assert_eq!(
            game.check_sensor_objects(
                MilliVec::from_position(game.ball.position),
                MilliVec::default(),
                &mut events,
            ),
            BallAction::Keep
        );
        assert_eq!(game.record_contacts[89], 0);
    }

    #[test]
    fn multiball_claw_restriction_is_latched_before_the_other_ball_drains() {
        let mut game = Game::new_with_seed(1, 7);
        game.ball.in_launcher = false;
        game.ball.position = CLAW_TRIGGER_CENTER;
        game.ball.velocity = vec2(100.0, 0.0);
        game.secondary_ball = Some(Ball {
            position: vec2(210.0, 240.0),
            velocity: Vec2::ZERO,
            in_launcher: false,
            spin: Real48::ZERO,
            capture_age: 0,
        });
        game.object_active.fill(false);
        game.score_mode = ScoreMode::Multiball;
        let claw_position = MilliVec::from_position(CLAW_TRIGGER_CENTER);
        let mut events = Vec::new();

        assert_eq!(
            game.check_sensor_objects(claw_position, MilliVec::default(), &mut events),
            BallAction::Keep
        );
        game.secondary_ball = None;
        game.score_mode = ScoreMode::Normal;

        game.ball.velocity = vec2(100.0, 0.0);
        assert_eq!(
            game.check_sensor_objects(claw_position, MilliVec::default(), &mut events),
            BallAction::Keep
        );
        assert_eq!(game.claw.capture_entry, Some((ClawBallSlot::Primary, true)));

        game.ball.velocity = Vec2::ZERO;
        game.ball.capture_age = 300;

        assert_eq!(
            game.check_sensor_objects(claw_position, MilliVec::default(), &mut events),
            BallAction::Suspend
        );
        assert_eq!(game.claw.capture_entry, Some((ClawBallSlot::Primary, true)));
        assert!(matches!(game.claw.target_frame, 1 | 6 | 7));
    }

    #[test]
    fn other_multiball_slot_cannot_clear_the_claw_entry_latch() {
        let mut game = Game::new_with_seed(1, 7);
        game.ball.in_launcher = false;
        game.ball.position = CLAW_TRIGGER_CENTER;
        game.ball.velocity = vec2(100.0, 0.0);
        game.secondary_ball = Some(Ball {
            position: vec2(210.0, 100.0),
            velocity: Vec2::ZERO,
            in_launcher: false,
            spin: Real48::ZERO,
            capture_age: 0,
        });
        game.object_active.fill(false);
        game.score_mode = ScoreMode::Multiball;
        let mut events = Vec::new();

        assert_eq!(
            game.check_sensor_objects(
                MilliVec::from_position(CLAW_TRIGGER_CENTER),
                MilliVec::default(),
                &mut events,
            ),
            BallAction::Keep
        );
        assert_eq!(game.claw.capture_entry, Some((ClawBallSlot::Primary, true)));

        let mut secondary = game.secondary_ball.take().expect("secondary ball");
        let secondary_position = MilliVec::from_position(secondary.position);
        assert_eq!(
            game.check_sensor_objects_for_ball(
                &mut secondary,
                2,
                2,
                secondary_position,
                MilliVec::default(),
                &mut events,
            )
            .action,
            BallAction::Keep
        );
        game.secondary_ball = Some(secondary);
        assert_eq!(game.claw.capture_entry, Some((ClawBallSlot::Primary, true)));
    }

    #[test]
    fn shallow_claw_exit_clears_only_the_owning_entry_latch() {
        let mut game = Game::new_with_seed(1, 7);
        game.ball.in_launcher = false;
        game.ball.position = CLAW_TRIGGER_CENTER;
        game.ball.velocity = vec2(100.0, 0.0);
        game.secondary_ball = Some(Ball {
            position: vec2(210.0, 240.0),
            velocity: Vec2::ZERO,
            in_launcher: false,
            spin: Real48::ZERO,
            capture_age: 0,
        });
        game.object_active.fill(false);
        game.score_mode = ScoreMode::Multiball;
        let mut events = Vec::new();

        assert_eq!(
            game.check_sensor_objects(
                MilliVec::from_position(CLAW_TRIGGER_CENTER),
                MilliVec::default(),
                &mut events,
            ),
            BallAction::Keep
        );
        assert_eq!(game.claw.capture_entry, Some((ClawBallSlot::Primary, true)));

        game.ball.position = CLAW_TRIGGER_CENTER + vec2(20.0, 0.0);
        game.ball.velocity = Vec2::ZERO;
        assert_eq!(
            game.check_sensor_objects(
                MilliVec::from_position(game.ball.position),
                MilliVec::default(),
                &mut events,
            ),
            BallAction::Keep
        );
        assert_eq!(game.claw.capture_entry, None);

        game.secondary_ball = None;
        game.score_mode = ScoreMode::Normal;
        game.ball.position = CLAW_TRIGGER_CENTER;
        game.ball.velocity = vec2(100.0, 0.0);
        assert_eq!(
            game.check_sensor_objects(
                MilliVec::from_position(CLAW_TRIGGER_CENTER),
                MilliVec::default(),
                &mut events,
            ),
            BallAction::Keep
        );
        assert_eq!(
            game.claw.capture_entry,
            Some((ClawBallSlot::Primary, false))
        );
    }

    #[test]
    fn secondary_multiball_ball_can_be_held_by_the_claw_without_hiding_primary() {
        let mut game = Game::new_with_seed(1, 7);
        game.ball.in_launcher = false;
        game.ball.position = vec2(210.0, 240.0);
        game.ball.velocity = Vec2::ZERO;
        game.secondary_ball = Some(Ball {
            position: CLAW_TRIGGER_CENTER,
            velocity: Vec2::ZERO,
            in_launcher: false,
            spin: Real48::ZERO,
            capture_age: 0,
        });
        game.object_active.fill(false);
        game.score_mode = ScoreMode::Multiball;
        let claw_position = MilliVec::from_position(CLAW_TRIGGER_CENTER);
        let mut events = Vec::new();
        let mut secondary = game.secondary_ball.take().expect("secondary ball");

        assert_eq!(
            game.check_sensor_objects_for_ball(
                &mut secondary,
                2,
                2,
                claw_position,
                MilliVec::default(),
                &mut events,
            )
            .action,
            BallAction::Keep
        );
        game.secondary_ball = Some(secondary);
        let mut secondary = game.secondary_ball.take().expect("secondary ball");
        assert_eq!(
            game.check_sensor_objects_for_ball(
                &mut secondary,
                2,
                2,
                claw_position,
                MilliVec::default(),
                &mut events,
            )
            .action,
            BallAction::Suspend
        );
        game.secondary_ball = Some(secondary);

        assert!(!game.primary_ball_suspended());
        assert!(game.secondary_ball_suspended());
        assert!(matches!(game.claw.target_frame, 1 | 6 | 7));
        let primary_before = game.ball.position;
        game.timer_tick(CLAW_FRAME_SECONDS, 1, &mut events);
        assert_ne!(game.ball.position, primary_before);
    }

    #[test]
    fn held_claw_ball_survives_the_other_ball_draining() {
        let mut game = Game::new_with_seed(1, 7);
        game.ball.in_launcher = false;
        game.ball.position = CLAW_TRIGGER_CENTER;
        game.ball.velocity = Vec2::ZERO;
        game.secondary_ball = Some(Ball {
            position: vec2(340.0, 100.0),
            velocity: vec2(1.0, 0.0),
            in_launcher: false,
            spin: Real48::ZERO,
            capture_age: 0,
        });
        game.object_active.fill(false);
        game.score_mode = ScoreMode::Multiball;
        let claw_position = MilliVec::from_position(CLAW_TRIGGER_CENTER);
        let mut events = Vec::new();
        assert_eq!(
            game.check_sensor_objects(claw_position, MilliVec::default(), &mut events),
            BallAction::Keep
        );
        assert_eq!(
            game.check_sensor_objects(claw_position, MilliVec::default(), &mut events),
            BallAction::Suspend
        );
        let balls_before = game.player().balls;

        game.timer_tick(CLAW_FRAME_SECONDS, 1, &mut events);
        assert!(game.secondary_ball.is_none());
        assert_eq!(game.player().balls, balls_before);
        assert_eq!(game.score_mode, ScoreMode::Normal);
        assert!(game.claw.ball_suspended);

        while game.claw.ball_suspended {
            game.update_claw(CLAW_FRAME_SECONDS, &mut events);
        }
        assert!(events.contains(&Event::ClawRelease));
        assert!(!game.ball.in_launcher);
    }

    #[test]
    fn held_secondary_claw_ball_is_promoted_if_primary_drains() {
        let mut game = Game::new_with_seed(1, 7);
        game.ball.in_launcher = false;
        game.ball.position = vec2(340.0, 100.0);
        game.ball.velocity = vec2(1.0, 0.0);
        game.secondary_ball = Some(Ball {
            position: CLAW_TRIGGER_CENTER,
            velocity: Vec2::ZERO,
            in_launcher: false,
            spin: Real48::ZERO,
            capture_age: 0,
        });
        game.object_active.fill(false);
        game.score_mode = ScoreMode::Multiball;
        let claw_position = MilliVec::from_position(CLAW_TRIGGER_CENTER);
        let mut events = Vec::new();
        let mut secondary = game.secondary_ball.take().expect("secondary ball");
        assert_eq!(
            game.check_sensor_objects_for_ball(
                &mut secondary,
                2,
                2,
                claw_position,
                MilliVec::default(),
                &mut events,
            )
            .action,
            BallAction::Keep
        );
        game.secondary_ball = Some(secondary);
        let mut secondary = game.secondary_ball.take().expect("secondary ball");
        assert_eq!(
            game.check_sensor_objects_for_ball(
                &mut secondary,
                2,
                2,
                claw_position,
                MilliVec::default(),
                &mut events,
            )
            .action,
            BallAction::Suspend
        );
        game.secondary_ball = Some(secondary);
        assert_eq!(game.record_contacts[89], 2);
        assert_eq!(
            game.claw.capture_entry,
            Some((ClawBallSlot::Secondary, true))
        );

        game.timer_tick(CLAW_FRAME_SECONDS, 1, &mut events);
        assert!(game.secondary_ball.is_none());
        assert!(game.primary_ball_suspended());
        assert_eq!(game.record_contacts[89], 1);
        assert_eq!(game.claw.capture_entry, Some((ClawBallSlot::Primary, true)));
        assert_eq!(game.score_mode, ScoreMode::Normal);
        assert!(events.contains(&Event::Drain));
    }

    #[test]
    fn unrestricted_claw_capture_retains_the_launcher_release_choice() {
        let mut saw_launcher_release = false;
        for seed in 0..64 {
            let mut game = Game::new_with_seed(1, seed);
            if game.next_claw_terminal_frame(false) == 18 {
                saw_launcher_release = true;
                break;
            }
        }
        assert!(saw_launcher_release);
    }

    #[test]
    fn claw_reentry_after_multiball_uses_the_current_ball_count() {
        let mut game = Game::new_with_seed(1, 7);
        game.ball.in_launcher = false;
        game.ball.position = CLAW_TRIGGER_CENTER;
        game.ball.velocity = Vec2::ZERO;
        game.secondary_ball = Some(Ball {
            position: vec2(210.0, 240.0),
            velocity: Vec2::ZERO,
            in_launcher: false,
            spin: Real48::ZERO,
            capture_age: 0,
        });
        game.object_active.fill(false);
        game.score_mode = ScoreMode::Multiball;
        let claw_position = MilliVec::from_position(CLAW_TRIGGER_CENTER);
        let mut events = Vec::new();
        assert_eq!(
            game.check_sensor_objects(claw_position, MilliVec::default(), &mut events),
            BallAction::Keep
        );
        assert_eq!(
            game.check_sensor_objects(claw_position, MilliVec::default(), &mut events),
            BallAction::Suspend
        );
        assert_eq!(game.claw.capture_entry, Some((ClawBallSlot::Primary, true)));

        game.secondary_ball = None;
        game.score_mode = ScoreMode::Normal;
        while game.claw.active {
            game.update_claw(CLAW_FRAME_SECONDS, &mut events);
        }

        let unrestricted_seed = (0..64)
            .find(|seed| {
                let mut candidate = Game::new_with_seed(1, *seed);
                candidate.next_claw_terminal_frame(false) == 18
            })
            .expect("a seed must select the launcher release");
        game.random = BorlandRandom::new(unrestricted_seed);
        game.ball.position = CLAW_TRIGGER_CENTER;
        game.ball.velocity = Vec2::ZERO;
        game.ball.capture_age = 0;
        game.record_contacts[89] = 0;

        assert_eq!(
            game.check_sensor_objects(claw_position, MilliVec::default(), &mut events),
            BallAction::Keep
        );
        assert_eq!(
            game.claw.capture_entry,
            Some((ClawBallSlot::Primary, false))
        );
        assert_eq!(
            game.check_sensor_objects(claw_position, MilliVec::default(), &mut events),
            BallAction::Suspend
        );
        assert_eq!(game.claw.target_frame, 18);
    }

    #[test]
    fn claw_frame_cadence_follows_the_five_original_timer_choices() {
        for (detail, frame_seconds) in DETAIL_TIMER_SECONDS.into_iter().enumerate() {
            let mut game = Game::new_with_seed(1, 7);
            game.begin_claw_scenario(6);
            let detail = u8::try_from(detail + 1).expect("five detail levels fit u8");
            game.update(0.0, detail, Controls::default());
            let mut events = Vec::new();

            game.update_claw(frame_seconds - 0.001, &mut events);
            assert_eq!(game.claw.frame, 10);
            game.update_claw(0.001_1, &mut events);
            assert_eq!(game.claw.frame, 9);
        }
    }

    #[test]
    fn claw_uses_the_original_circular_trigger_not_a_broad_rectangle() {
        let mut game = Game::new(1);
        game.ball.in_launcher = false;
        game.ball.position = CLAW_TRIGGER_CENTER + vec2(CLAW_TRIGGER_RADIUS + 0.1, 0.0);
        game.check_sensor_objects(
            MilliVec::from_position(game.ball.position),
            MilliVec::default(),
            &mut Vec::new(),
        );
        assert!(!game.claw.active);

        game.ball.position = CLAW_TRIGGER_CENTER;
        let mut events = Vec::new();
        game.check_sensor_objects(
            MilliVec::from_position(game.ball.position),
            MilliVec::default(),
            &mut events,
        );
        assert!(!game.claw.active);
        assert_eq!(events, [Event::Sound(2015)]);
        game.check_sensor_objects(
            MilliVec::from_position(game.ball.position),
            MilliVec::default(),
            &mut events,
        );
        assert!(game.claw.active);
        assert_eq!(events, [Event::Sound(2015), Event::ClawCapture]);
        assert!(CLAW_TERMINAL_FRAMES.contains(&game.claw.target_frame));
    }

    #[test]
    fn top_sensor_uses_the_original_score_and_contact_latch() {
        let mut game = Game::new_with_seed(1, 7);
        game.ball.in_launcher = false;
        game.ball.position = vec2(205.0, 55.0);
        game.ball.velocity = vec2(100.0, 200.0);
        let mut events = Vec::new();

        game.check_sensor_objects(
            MilliVec::from_position(vec2(205.0, 60.0)),
            MilliVec { x: 0, y: -5_000 },
            &mut events,
        );
        assert_eq!(game.player().score, 500);
        assert_eq!(events, [Event::Target, Event::Sound(2004)]);
        assert!(game.object_active[153]);
        assert!(!game.object_active[6]);
        assert!(!game.object_active[154]);
        assert_eq!(
            MilliVec::from_velocity_per_second(game.ball.velocity),
            MilliVec { x: 1_012, y: 1_926 }
        );

        let mut field_velocity = MilliVec { x: 0, y: 2_015 };
        game.apply_magnetic_fields(
            MilliVec {
                x: 15_000,
                y: 350_000,
            },
            &mut field_velocity,
        );
        assert_eq!(field_velocity, MilliVec { x: 0, y: -3_513 });
        game.apply_magnetic_fields(
            MilliVec {
                x: 15_000,
                y: 317_000,
            },
            &mut field_velocity,
        );
        assert!(!game.object_active[153]);

        game.check_sensor_objects(
            MilliVec::from_position(game.ball.position),
            MilliVec::default(),
            &mut events,
        );
        assert_eq!(game.player().score, 500, "contact must score only once");

        game.ball.position = vec2(205.0, 62.0);
        game.check_sensor_objects(
            MilliVec::from_position(game.ball.position),
            MilliVec::default(),
            &mut events,
        );
        game.ball.position = vec2(205.0, 55.0);
        game.check_sensor_objects(
            MilliVec::from_position(vec2(205.0, 60.0)),
            MilliVec { x: 0, y: -5_000 },
            &mut events,
        );
        assert_eq!(game.player().score, 1_000);
    }

    #[test]
    fn type_four_latch_is_not_cleared_by_a_ball_outside_its_broadphase() {
        let sensor = TARGET_SENSORS
            .into_iter()
            .find(|sensor| sensor.id == 140)
            .expect("record 140 must be present");
        let mut game = Game::new(1);
        let mut primary = game.ball;
        primary.position = sensor.center;
        let mut events = Vec::new();

        game.check_target_sensors(
            &mut primary,
            MilliVec::from_position(sensor.center),
            MilliVec::default(),
            140..=147,
            &mut events,
        );
        assert_eq!(game.player().score, sensor.score);

        let mut unrelated = primary;
        unrelated.position = vec2(200.0, 200.0);
        let unrelated_position = MilliVec::from_position(unrelated.position);
        game.check_target_sensors(
            &mut unrelated,
            unrelated_position,
            MilliVec::default(),
            140..=147,
            &mut events,
        );
        game.check_target_sensors(
            &mut primary,
            MilliVec::from_position(sensor.center),
            MilliVec::default(),
            140..=147,
            &mut events,
        );

        assert_eq!(game.player().score, sensor.score);
    }

    #[test]
    fn magnetic_rectangles_use_old_position_for_entry_and_prediction_for_exit() {
        let mut game = Game::new_with_seed(1, 7);
        game.object_active[153] = true;
        let seed_before = game.random.seed();
        let mut entering_from_outside = MilliVec { x: 0, y: -3_000 };

        game.apply_magnetic_fields(
            MilliVec {
                x: 15_000,
                y: 390_000,
            },
            &mut entering_from_outside,
        );

        assert_eq!(entering_from_outside, MilliVec { x: 0, y: -3_000 });
        assert_eq!(game.random.seed(), seed_before);
        assert!(game.object_active[153]);

        let mut exiting_sideways = MilliVec { x: -2_000, y: 0 };
        game.apply_magnetic_fields(
            MilliVec {
                x: 1_000,
                y: 350_000,
            },
            &mut exiting_sideways,
        );

        assert_eq!(exiting_sideways.x, -1_800);
        assert!(!game.object_active[153]);

        game.object_active[153] = true;
        game.tilted = true;
        let tilted_seed = game.random.seed();
        let mut tilted_velocity = MilliVec { x: 200, y: 300 };
        game.apply_magnetic_fields(
            MilliVec {
                x: 15_000,
                y: 350_000,
            },
            &mut tilted_velocity,
        );
        assert_eq!(tilted_velocity, MilliVec { x: 200, y: 300 });
        assert_eq!(game.random.seed(), tilted_seed);
        assert!(game.object_active[153]);
    }

    #[test]
    fn record_six_mutates_motion_after_earlier_candidate_detection() {
        let mut game = Game::new_with_seed(1, 7);
        game.object_active.fill(false);
        game.object_active[5] = true;
        game.object_active[6] = true;
        game.ball.in_launcher = false;
        game.ball.position = vec2(149.0, 430.0);
        game.ball.velocity = MilliVec { x: -2_000, y: 0 }.to_velocity_per_second();
        let old_position = MilliVec::from_position(game.ball.position);

        let mut expected_game = game.clone();
        let mut expected_motion = MilliVec { x: -2_000, y: 15 };
        let candidate = expected_game
            .find_static_collision_candidate_in_range(
                old_position,
                old_position.add(expected_motion),
                expected_motion,
                1..=5,
            )
            .expect("record five must be detected before record six");
        assert_eq!(candidate.0, 5);
        assert!(expected_game.apply_magnetic_record(6, old_position, &mut expected_motion));
        let expected_response = candidate
            .2
            .resolve(expected_motion, expected_game.ball.spin);
        let mut expected_velocity = expected_response.velocity;
        expected_velocity.clamp_speed(MAXIMUM_SPEED_MILLI_PER_STEP);

        assert!(game.fixed_update(&mut Vec::new()));

        assert_eq!(game.last_collision_id, Some(5));
        assert_eq!(
            MilliVec::from_velocity_per_second(game.ball.velocity),
            expected_velocity
        );
        assert_eq!(game.random.seed(), expected_game.random.seed());
    }

    #[test]
    fn wheel_holes_accumulate_and_transfer_the_per_player_secondary_score() {
        let mut game = Game::new(1);
        game.ball.in_launcher = false;
        let mut events = Vec::new();
        let expected_bonus = [10_000, 30_000, 70_000, 150_000, 0];

        for (index, sensor) in LOCK_HOLES.into_iter().enumerate() {
            complete_stationary_type_three_capture(&mut game, sensor.center, &mut events);
            assert_eq!(game.player().secondary_score, expected_bonus[index]);
            assert!(game.ball.in_launcher);
        }
        assert_eq!(game.player().score, 310_000);
        assert_eq!(game.player().score_multiplier, 2);
        assert_eq!(game.player().extra_balls, 2);
        assert!(game.wheel_holes.iter().all(|filled| *filled));
        assert_eq!(
            events.iter().filter(|event| **event == Event::Lock).count(),
            5
        );

        complete_stationary_type_three_capture(&mut game, SPECIAL_HOLE_SENSOR.center, &mut events);
        assert!(game.wheel_holes.iter().all(|filled| *filled));
        assert_eq!(game.multiball_state, MultiballState::Ready);
        assert_eq!(game.record_contacts[148], 2);
        assert_eq!(events.last(), Some(&Event::Wheel));
        assert_eq!(
            events
                .iter()
                .filter(|event| **event == Event::Sound(2015))
                .count(),
            6
        );
    }

    #[test]
    fn wheel_award_counts_another_ball_settling_in_a_different_hole() {
        let mut game = Game::new(1);
        game.record_contacts[129] = 1;
        game.record_contacts[130] = 2;
        let mut events = Vec::new();

        assert_eq!(
            game.complete_lock_hole(1, 2, &mut events),
            BallAction::Remove
        );

        assert_eq!(game.player().secondary_score, 20_000);
        assert!(!game.wheel_holes[0]);
        assert!(game.wheel_holes[1]);
    }

    #[test]
    fn fifth_multiball_lock_defers_panel_and_caps_survivor_reaward() {
        let mut game = Game::new(1);
        game.wheel_holes = [true, true, true, true, false];
        game.record_contacts[129..=133].fill(2);
        game.players[0].secondary_score = 150_000;
        game.score_mode = ScoreMode::Multiball;
        let mut events = Vec::new();

        assert_eq!(
            game.complete_lock_hole(4, 2, &mut events),
            BallAction::Remove
        );
        assert_eq!(game.player().score, 620_000);
        assert_eq!(game.player().secondary_score, 0);
        assert_eq!(game.player().score_multiplier, 2);
        assert_eq!(game.panel_frame, None);
        assert_eq!(game.score_mode, ScoreMode::Normal);

        let mut reset_by_special_hole = game.clone();
        reset_by_special_hole.reset_ball_to_launcher();
        assert_eq!(reset_by_special_hole.panel_frame, Some(0));

        game.score_mode = ScoreMode::Normal;
        assert_eq!(
            game.complete_lock_hole(4, 1, &mut events),
            BallAction::Reset
        );
        assert_eq!(game.player().score, 940_000);
        assert_eq!(game.player().secondary_score, 0);
        assert_eq!(game.player().score_multiplier, 3);
        assert_eq!(game.panel_frame, Some(0));
    }

    #[test]
    fn type_three_capture_pulls_holds_and_publishes_contact_sentinels() {
        let sensor = LOCK_HOLES[0];
        let mut game = Game::new(1);
        game.ball.in_launcher = false;
        game.ball.position = sensor.center + vec2(5.0, 0.0);
        game.ball.velocity = vec2(100.0, 0.0);
        let previous = MilliVec::from_position(game.ball.position);
        let mut events = Vec::new();

        assert_eq!(
            capture_primary_record_step(
                &mut game,
                sensor.id,
                sensor.center,
                sensor.radius,
                previous,
                &mut events,
            ),
            CaptureStep::Holding
        );
        assert_eq!(
            MilliVec::from_velocity_per_second(game.ball.velocity),
            MilliVec { x: 750, y: -150 }
        );
        assert_eq!(game.record_contacts[usize::from(sensor.id)], 0);
        assert_eq!(game.ball.capture_age, 0);

        game.ball.position = sensor.center;
        game.ball.velocity = Vec2::ZERO;
        assert_eq!(
            capture_primary_record_step(
                &mut game,
                sensor.id,
                sensor.center,
                sensor.radius,
                MilliVec::from_position(sensor.center),
                &mut events,
            ),
            CaptureStep::Holding
        );
        assert_eq!(game.record_contacts[usize::from(sensor.id)], 1);
        assert_eq!(game.ball.capture_age, 5);
        assert_eq!(events, [Event::Sound(2015)]);

        game.ball.capture_age = 300;
        assert_eq!(
            capture_primary_record_step(
                &mut game,
                sensor.id,
                sensor.center,
                sensor.radius,
                MilliVec::from_position(sensor.center),
                &mut events,
            ),
            CaptureStep::Complete
        );
        assert_eq!(game.record_contacts[usize::from(sensor.id)], 99);
        assert_eq!(game.ball.capture_age, 0);
    }

    #[test]
    fn production_type_three_pull_tests_the_pre_movement_position() {
        let sensor = LOCK_HOLES[0];
        let mut game = Game::new(1);
        game.object_active.fill(false);
        game.object_active[usize::from(sensor.id)] = true;
        game.ball.in_launcher = false;
        game.ball.position = sensor.center + vec2(7.5, 0.0);
        game.ball.velocity = MilliVec { x: 3_800, y: 0 }.to_velocity_per_second();
        let old_position = MilliVec::from_position(game.ball.position);
        let mut expected_velocity = MilliVec { x: 3_800, y: 15 };
        expected_velocity.clamp_speed(MAXIMUM_SPEED_MILLI_PER_STEP);
        let damping = Real48::from_bytes([0x80, 0x66, 0x66, 0x66, 0x66, 0x66]);
        expected_velocity.x = Real48::from_i32(expected_velocity.x)
            .multiply(damping)
            .round_i32()
            .wrapping_sub(150);
        expected_velocity.y = Real48::from_i32(expected_velocity.y)
            .multiply(damping)
            .round_i32()
            .wrapping_sub(150);

        assert!(!game.fixed_update(&mut Vec::new()));

        assert_eq!(
            MilliVec::from_velocity_per_second(game.ball.velocity),
            expected_velocity
        );
        assert_eq!(
            MilliVec::from_position(game.ball.position),
            old_position.add(expected_velocity)
        );
    }

    #[test]
    fn production_type_three_contacted_rim_participates_in_candidate_ordering() {
        let sensor = LOCK_HOLES[0];
        let mut game = Game::new(1);
        game.object_active.fill(false);
        game.object_active[usize::from(sensor.id)] = true;
        game.record_contacts[usize::from(sensor.id)] = 99;
        game.ball.in_launcher = false;
        game.ball.position = sensor.center + vec2(17.0, 0.0);
        game.ball.velocity = MilliVec { x: -3_000, y: 0 }.to_velocity_per_second();
        let old_position = MilliVec::from_position(game.ball.position);

        assert!(game.fixed_update(&mut Vec::new()));

        let velocity = MilliVec::from_velocity_per_second(game.ball.velocity);
        assert!(velocity.x > 0, "the type-three rim must reflect the ball");
        assert_eq!(game.last_collision_id, Some(sensor.id));
        assert_eq!(
            MilliVec::from_position(game.ball.position),
            old_position.add(velocity)
        );
    }

    #[test]
    fn type_three_broadphase_skip_preserves_contact_state() {
        let sensor = LOCK_HOLES[0];
        let mut game = Game::new(1);
        game.object_active.fill(false);
        game.object_active[usize::from(sensor.id)] = true;
        game.record_contacts[usize::from(sensor.id)] = 1;
        game.ball.in_launcher = false;
        game.ball.position = sensor.center + vec2(23.0, 0.0);
        game.ball.velocity = MilliVec { x: 3_800, y: 0 }.to_velocity_per_second();

        game.fixed_update(&mut Vec::new());

        assert_eq!(game.record_contacts[usize::from(sensor.id)], 1);
    }

    #[test]
    fn production_type_four_randomizes_motion_before_position_publication() {
        let sensor = TARGET_SENSORS
            .into_iter()
            .find(|sensor| sensor.id == 150)
            .expect("record 150 must be present");
        let mut game = Game::new_with_seed(1, 7);
        game.object_active.fill(false);
        game.object_active[usize::from(sensor.id)] = true;
        game.ball.in_launcher = false;
        game.ball.position = vec2(205.0, 58.0);
        game.ball.velocity = MilliVec { x: 0, y: -2_000 }.to_velocity_per_second();
        let old_position = MilliVec::from_position(game.ball.position);
        let mut expected_game = game.clone();
        let mut expected_ball = game.ball;
        expected_ball.velocity = MilliVec { x: 0, y: -1_985 }.to_velocity_per_second();
        expected_game.randomize_trigger_velocity(&mut expected_ball);
        let expected_velocity = MilliVec::from_velocity_per_second(expected_ball.velocity);

        game.fixed_update(&mut Vec::new());

        assert_eq!(game.player().score, 500);
        assert_eq!(
            MilliVec::from_velocity_per_second(game.ball.velocity),
            expected_velocity
        );
        assert_eq!(
            MilliVec::from_position(game.ball.position),
            old_position.add(expected_velocity)
        );
        assert_eq!(game.random.seed(), expected_game.random.seed());
    }

    #[test]
    fn panel_completion_uses_all_281_frames_and_original_sound_boundaries() {
        let mut game = Game::new(1);
        game.panel_frame = Some(0);
        game.wheel_holes.fill(true);
        for record_id in 129..=133 {
            game.record_contacts[record_id] = 99;
        }
        let mut events = Vec::new();

        for _ in 0..282 {
            game.timer_tick(0.030, 0, &mut events);
        }

        assert_eq!(game.panel_frame, None);
        assert_eq!(game.wheel_holes, [false; 5]);
        assert!(
            game.record_contacts[129..=133]
                .iter()
                .all(|contact| *contact == 0)
        );
        assert_eq!(
            events,
            [
                Event::Sound(2013),
                Event::StopSound,
                Event::Sound(2012),
                Event::Sound(2013),
                Event::StopSound,
                Event::Sound(2013),
                Event::StopSound,
                Event::Sound(2012),
                Event::Sound(2013),
            ]
        );
    }

    #[test]
    fn target_rotation_uses_six_callbacks_and_rotates_player_state() {
        let mut game = Game::new(1);
        game.ball.in_launcher = false;
        game.wheel_holes = [true, false, true, false, false];
        game.record_contacts[129..=133].copy_from_slice(&[11, 22, 33, 44, 55]);
        game.target_rotation_state = Some(0);
        let mut events = Vec::new();

        for expected in 1..=6 {
            game.timer_tick(0.030, 0, &mut events);
            assert_eq!(game.target_rotation_state, Some(expected));
        }
        assert_eq!(events, [Event::Sound(2011)]);
        assert_eq!(game.wheel_holes, [false, true, false, false, true]);
        assert_eq!(&game.record_contacts[129..=133], &[22, 33, 44, 55, 11]);

        game.timer_tick(0.030, 0, &mut events);
        assert_eq!(game.target_rotation_state, None);
    }

    #[test]
    fn target_rotation_pauses_in_launcher_and_survives_normal_drain() {
        let mut game = Game::new(1);
        game.target_rotation_state = Some(2);

        game.timer_tick(0.030, 0, &mut Vec::new());
        assert_eq!(game.target_rotation_state, Some(2));

        game.ball.in_launcher = false;
        game.timer_tick(0.030, 0, &mut Vec::new());
        assert_eq!(game.target_rotation_state, Some(3));

        game.drain(&mut Vec::new());
        assert_eq!(game.target_rotation_state, Some(3));
        game.timer_tick(0.030, 0, &mut Vec::new());
        assert_eq!(game.target_rotation_state, Some(3));
    }

    #[test]
    fn record_countdowns_advance_once_per_active_timer_callback() {
        let mut game = Game::new(1);
        game.record_countdowns[51] = 5;

        game.timer_tick(0.030, 0, &mut Vec::new());
        assert_eq!(
            game.record_countdown(51),
            5,
            "launcher idle pauses countdowns"
        );

        game.ball.in_launcher = false;
        for expected in (0..5).rev() {
            game.timer_tick(0.030, 0, &mut Vec::new());
            assert_eq!(game.record_countdown(51), expected);
        }
    }

    #[test]
    fn claw_release_table_decodes_the_original_thousandth_pixel_coordinates() {
        for (frame, expected_position, expected_velocity) in [
            (1, vec2(258.0, 78.0), MilliVec { x: -2_280, y: 0 }),
            (
                6,
                vec2(270.0, 94.0),
                MilliVec {
                    x: -1_520,
                    y: 2_280,
                },
            ),
            (
                7,
                vec2(275.0, 97.0),
                MilliVec {
                    x: -1_178,
                    y: 2_660,
                },
            ),
            (18, vec2(325.0, 92.0), MilliVec { x: 0, y: 1_000 }),
        ] {
            let (position, velocity) = claw_release(frame);
            assert_eq!(position, expected_position);
            assert_eq!(
                MilliVec::from_velocity_per_second(velocity),
                expected_velocity
            );
        }
    }

    #[test]
    fn drain_clears_latched_tilt() {
        let mut game = Game::new(1);
        game.tilted = true;
        game.ball.in_launcher = false;
        game.ball.position = vec2(157.0, 454.0);
        game.ball.velocity = vec2(0.0, 200.0);

        let held = Controls {
            left_flipper: true,
            ..Controls::default()
        };
        let events = game.update(0.030, 3, held);

        assert!(!game.tilted);
        assert!(game.ball.in_launcher);
        assert!(!events.contains(&Event::Sound(2008)));
        assert!(game.flipper_release_latch[0]);
        game.update(0.0, 3, held);
        assert!(!game.flipper_inputs.left_raised);
        game.update(0.0, 3, Controls::default());
        game.update(0.0, 3, held);
        assert!(game.flipper_inputs.left_raised);
    }

    #[test]
    fn ball_end_preserves_or_releases_flippers_like_key_message_latches() {
        let mut live_player = Game::new(1);
        live_player.flipper_inputs.left_raised = true;
        live_player.flippers.left_raised = true;
        live_player.drain(&mut Vec::new());
        assert!(live_player.flipper_inputs.left_raised);
        assert!(live_player.flippers.left_raised);

        let mut finished_player = Game::new(2);
        finished_player.players[0].balls = 1;
        finished_player.flipper_inputs.left_raised = true;
        finished_player.flippers.left_raised = true;
        finished_player.drain(&mut Vec::new());
        assert!(!finished_player.flipper_inputs.left_raised);
        assert!(finished_player.flippers.left_raised);
        assert!(finished_player.flipper_release_latch[0]);

        let mut events = Vec::new();
        finished_player.timer_tick(0.030, 0, &mut events);
        assert!(!finished_player.flippers.left_raised);
        assert_eq!(events, [Event::FlipperMove, Event::Sound(2021)]);

        let held = Controls {
            left_flipper: true,
            ..Controls::default()
        };
        finished_player.update(0.0, 3, held);
        assert!(!finished_player.flipper_inputs.left_raised);
        finished_player.update(0.0, 3, Controls::default());
        finished_player.update(0.0, 3, held);
        assert!(finished_player.flipper_inputs.left_raised);
    }

    #[test]
    fn waiting_ball_uses_the_same_nudge_tilt_counter() {
        let mut game = Game::new_with_seed(1, 7);

        for attempt in 0..2 {
            let events = game.update(
                0.0,
                3,
                Controls {
                    nudge: Nudge::Right,
                    ..Controls::default()
                },
            );
            assert_eq!(events.contains(&Event::Tilt), attempt == 1);
        }

        assert!(game.tilted);
        assert!(game.ball.in_launcher);
    }

    #[test]
    fn tilted_waiting_ball_can_still_be_launched() {
        let mut game = Game::new_with_seed(1, 7);

        for _ in 0..2 {
            game.update(
                0.0,
                3,
                Controls {
                    nudge: Nudge::Right,
                    ..Controls::default()
                },
            );
        }
        assert!(game.tilted);
        assert!(game.ball.in_launcher);

        game.update(
            0.0,
            3,
            Controls {
                launch_down: true,
                ..Controls::default()
            },
        );
        assert!(game.launcher_frame() > 0);

        let events = game.update(0.0, 3, Controls::default());
        assert!(events.contains(&Event::Launch));
        assert!(!events.contains(&Event::Sound(2002)));
        assert!(!game.ball.in_launcher);
        assert!(game.tilted);
    }
}