[build] Add support for ASM files in Make + CMake

* Extract out common portion of `lib/Makefile` into `lib/libzstd.mk`.
  Most relevantly, the way we find library files.
* Use `lib/libzstd.mk` in the other Makefiles instead of repeating the
  same code.
* Add a test `tests/test-variants.sh` that checks that the builds of
  `make -C programs allVariants` are correct, and run it in Actions.
* Adds support for ASM files in the CMake build.

The Meson build is not updated because it lists every file in zstd,
and supports ASM off the bat, so the Huffman ASM commit will just add
the ASM file to the list.

The Visual Studios build is not updated because I'm not adding ASM
support to Visual Studios yet.

.github/workflows/dev-short-tests.yml

@@ -200,6 +200,15 @@ jobs:
         make clean && make -j all MOREFLAGS="-Werror -DZSTD_NO_INLINE -DZSTD_STRIP_ERROR_STRINGS"
         make clean && make check MOREFLAGS="-Werror -DZSTD_NO_INLINE -DZSTD_STRIP_ERROR_STRINGS"
 
+  test-variants:
+    runs-on: ubuntu-latest
+    steps:
+    - uses: actions/checkout@v2
+    - name: make all variants & validate
+      run: |
+        make -j -C programs allVariants MOREFLAGS=-O0
+        ./tests/test-variants.sh
+
 
   qemu-consistency:
     name: QEMU ${{ matrix.name }}
@@ -263,7 +272,6 @@ jobs:
       run: |
         LDFLAGS="-static" CC=$XCC QEMU_SYS=$XEMU make clean check
 
-
 # This test currently fails on Github Actions specifically.
 # Possible reason : TTY emulation.
 # Note that the same test works fine locally and on travisCI.